Fish as feed inputs for aquaculture: practices, sustainability and implications

338 Fish as feed inputs for aquaculture – Practices, sustainability and implications

inspection by the sanitation authority showed that these facilities often do not fulfill

the requirements set down in the Sanitary Norm for fishery and aquaculture activities

(Decreto Supremo Nº 040-2001-PE).

4. PROCESSING ACTIVITIES IN PERU
   4.1 Fishmeal industry
   Peru is the most important producer of fishmeal in the world, and fish processing is the
   second main contributor, after mining, of foreign currency to the national economy.
   The landings for the fishmeal industry represent more than 90 percent of the total
   landings in Peru and consist of small pelagic species, formerly sardine and now mainly
   anchoveta (Table 10).

It is important to note that Resolucion Suprema Na 001-2002-PE sets down that

catches of sardine, jack mackerel and chub mackerel must only be dedicated to direct

human consumption.

4.1.1 Fishmeal production

The landing of 8 628 704 tonnes of anchoveta for the fishmeal industry in 2005

generated a production of 1 930 727 tonnes of fishmeal and 290 422 tonnes of fish oil

(Table 11). The production, however, was severely impacted by the 1998 El Niño event,

with production levels declining to 832 043 tonnes of fishmeal and 122 956 tonnes of

fish oil.

4.1.2 Processing plants

One hundred and three processing

plants (69 percent of the total)

engaged in the manufacture of

fishmeal and fish oil are located

along the central coast of Peru.

There are also 35 plants (23

percent of the total) located in the

northern area and 12 (8 percent of

the total) in the southern area. In

Peru, there are presently around

150 industrial plants engaged in

the manufacture of fishmeal, with

TABLE 10

Landings destined for fishmeal production (thousand tonnes)

Species

Year

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Total 8 772 6 999 3 696 7 788 9 913 7 208 8 157 5 165 8 811 8 629

Anchoveta 7 460 5 923 1 206 6 732 9 556 6 348 8 083 5 336 8 797 8 628

Other fish 1 311 1 076 2 491 1 056 357 860 74 12 13 –

Source: PRODUCE (2001, 2002, 2003a, 2004, 2005, 2006a)

TABLE 11

Fishmeal and fish oil production, 1997–2005 (tonnes)

Product

Year

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Fishmeal 1 597 134 832 043 1 769 532 2 241 529 1 635 427 1 839 209 1 224 484 1 971 449 1 930 727

Fish oil 330 042 122 956 514 818 587 312 302 875 188 949 206 154 349 821 290 422

Source: PRODUCE (2001, 2002, 2003a, 2004, 2005, 2006a)

Source: PRODUCE (2001, 2002, 2003a, 2004, 2005, 2006a)

FIGURE 10

Fishmeal production by grade, 2000–2005

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Standard Prime

Super prime Residual

Thousand tonnes