Feist−Feist: Theories of
Personality, Seventh
EditionII. Psychodynamic
Theories- Jung: Analytical
Psychology
© The McGraw−Hill^123
Companies, 2009Adler reveal that the opposite appears to be true: Freud was personally somewhat in-
troverted, in tune to his dreams and fantasy life, whereas Adler was personally ex-
traverted, feeling most comfortable in group settings, singing songs and playing the
piano in the coffeehouses of Vienna. Yet Jung held that Freud’s theorywas ex-
traverted because it reduced experiences to the external world of sex and aggression,
Conversely, Jung believed that Adler’s theorywas introverted because it emphasized
fictions and subjective perceptions. Jung, of course, saw his own theory as balanced,
able to accept both the objective and the subjective.
Functions
Both introversion and extraversion can combine with any one or more of four func-
tions, forming eight possible orientations, or types.The four functions—sensing,
thinking, feeling, and intuiting—can be briefly defined as follows: Sensing tells peo-
ple that something exists; thinking enables them to recognize its meaning; feeling
tells them its value or worth; and intuition allows them to know about it without
knowing how they know.
Thinking
Logical intellectual activity that produces a chain of ideas is called thinking.The
thinking type can be either extraverted or introverted, depending on a person’s basic
attitude.
Chapter 4 Jung: Analytical Psychology 117FIGURE 4.3 The Balance of Introversion and Extraversion.
Introverted Extroverted