The Foundations of Chemistry

164 CHAPTER 4: Some Types of Chemical Reactions

Formula Name of Compound Name of Aqueous Solution

HCl hydrogen chloride hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq)

HF hydrogen fluoride hydrofluoric acid, HF(aq)

H 2 S hydrogen sulfide hydrosulfuric acid, H 2 S(aq)

HCN hydrogen cyanide hydrocyanic acid, HCN(aq)

In later chapters we will learn additional systematic rules for naming more complex

compounds.

TABLE 4-15 Formulas, Ionic Charges, and Names for Some Common Ions

Common Cations Common Anions

Formula Charge Name Formula Charge Name

Li
 1 
 lithium ion F 1  fluoride ion

Na
 1 
 sodium ion Cl 1  chloride ion

K
 1 
 potassium ion Br 1  bromide ion

NH 4 
 1 
 ammonium ion I 1  iodide ion

Ag
 1 
 silver ion OH 1  hydroxide ion

CN 1  cyanide ion

Mg^2 
 2 
 magnesium ion ClO 1  hypochlorite ion

Ca^2 
 2 
 calcium ion ClO 2  1  chlorite ion

Ba^2 
 2 
 barium ion ClO 3  1  chlorate ion

Cd^2 
 2 
 cadmium ion ClO 4  1  perchlorate ion

Zn^2 
 2 
 zinc ion CH 3 COO 1  acetate ion

Cu^2 
 2 
 copper(II) ion or cupric ion MnO 4  1  permanganate ion

Hg 22 
 2 
 mercury(I) ion or mercurous ion NO 2  1  nitrite ion

Hg^2 
 2 
 mercury(II) ion or mercuric ion NO 3  1  nitrate ion

Mn^2 
 2 
 manganese(II) ion or manganous ion SCN 1  thiocyanate ion

Co^2 
 2 
 cobalt(II) ion or cobaltous ion

Ni^2 
 2 
 nickel(II) ion or nickelous ion O^2  2  oxide ion

Pb^2 
 2 
 lead(II) ion or plumbous ion S^2  2  sulfide ion

Sn^2 
 2 
 tin(II) ion or stannous ion HSO 3  1  hydrogen sulfite ion or bisulfite ion

Fe^2 
 2 
 iron(II) ion or ferrous ion SO 32  2  sulfite ion

HSO 4  1  hydrogen sulfate ion or bisulfate ion

Fe^3 
 3 
 iron(III) ion or ferric ion SO 42  2  sulfate ion

Al^3 
 3 
 aluminum ion HCO 3  1  hydrogen carbonate ion or bicarbonate ion

Cr^3 
 3 
 chromium(III) ion or chromic ion CO 32  2  carbonate ion

CrO 42  2  chromate ion

Cr 2 O 72  2  dichromate ion

PO 43  3  phosphate ion

AsO 43  3  arsenate ion