Graphic Design & Printing TechnologyLogos of recyclable and recycled paper:- Paper products
carrying recycling logos are not necessarily made from
recycled fibres. Dark chasing arrows indicate the paper is
made from paper that has been recycled, and light chasing
arrows indicates the paper is appripriate to be recycled.
Paper made with alternative chemicals:- The primary
bleaching chemical for producing white paper is chlorine
gas. It was discovered that the waste water from paper mills
contained tiny amounts of dioxin which is harmful. Paper
mills have sort out alternative methods of bleaching pulp
because most dioxin is produced when the element chlorine
is used as a bleaching agent.
Elemental chlorine-free (ECF) bleaching:- It is an alternative bleaching process
that uses chlorine dioxide or sodium hypochlorite instead of chlorine gas as a
bleaching agent.
Totally Chlorine Free (TCF) bleaching:- Any method of bleaching that uses
no chlorine neither in its element state, nor as part of a compound such as
chlorine dioxide or sodium hypo chlorite.
Oxygen delignification:- An approach to eliminating dioxin formation that
allows chlorine bleaching. It uses oxygen to remove lignin from pulp in
preparation for bleaching.
Acid free paper / Alkaline paper:- Paper that has pH above seven are classified
as acid free papers. During production acid free paper is treated with an alkaline
compound, usually calcium carbonate, to neutralize the acid and to bring the
pH of paper to seven or slightly more.
Wood free paper:- is paper created exclusively from chemical pulp rather than
mechanical pulp. Chemical pulp is normally made from pulp wood, but is not
considered wood as most of the lignin is removed and seperated from the
cellulose fibres during processing.
Vegetable inks (soy ink):- Vegetable oils have replaced mineral oils in ink
manufacturing for environmental reasons. Petro chemical solvents and mineral
oils emit environmental toxic Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC). Vegetable
oil based inks have several technical benefits such as cleaner and sharper
printing and brighter colour. Soy inks use oil extracts from soy bean as part of
the vehicle. Soy oil is free of environmentally harmful substances. Therefore
printing with soy ink result in less release of VOC within the press room.
Soft proofs:- Soft proofs are electronic files that represent what the final printed
page will look like. Soft proofs are becoming more widely used than digital