Reference Book
Cord sewing (Sawn-in-sewing) :It is done
for thick and high quality books. Two or
three thick cotton cords are placed on the
spine of the book. Grooves are then cut in
the spine of the book to accommodate the
thickness of the cords. Threads are
covered over the cords during the sewing
process.
Tape sewing (library sewing) :In this sewing four strong tapes are placed in
the spine of the book. The tapes are covered with threads during the sewing
process of sections of the book. Tape
sewing makes the book more durable.
The tapes should be kept flat. The
needles with the thread proceeds outside
the tape without encircling it. Tape
sewing is similar to cord sewing, but it
is more easier. It is not necessary to pull
the threads tight for every tape.
Flexible sewing:- In flexible sewing no saw cuts are made at the back. The
sections are sewn one by one on the stout cords that ultimately form the raised
bands across the back. A leather band is pasted directly on the back. With the
threaded needle in the right hand it is pushed through the inside of the section at
the head of kettle stitch mark and with the left hand it is returned again to the
outside at the far side of the first cord and passes again through the inside and
sewn round encircling the cords similarly, until knot is made at the kettle stitch
mark. This process is repeated at the rest of the sections. The knot made at the
kettle stitch mark is known as kettle stitch, chain stitch or catch up stitch.
Double flexible sewing:-In double flexible sewing two cords are used and the
threads encircles each of the cords.
Forwarding
Forwarding includes all operations after sewing upto covering. There are two
broad kinds of forwarding, namely inboard forwarding, in which the board is
attached and then the edges are cut and outboard forwarding, in which the
edges are cut first and then boards are attached. Different steps in forwarding
includes attaching end papers, fraying the slips, hammering, gluing the back,
rounding, backing, attaching the board, cleaning the glue in the back.