Chemistry, Third edition

214 12 · CHEMICAL FAMILIES

12.1.Using only the symbols shown in this outline of the

Periodic Table

give the symbols for:

(i) an element in Group 13 of the Periodic Table

(ii) an element in period 2 of the table

(iii) a transition metal

(iv) an alkali metal

(v) a noble gas

(vi) an element the atoms of which have the electron arrange-

ment 2.8.4.

(vii)an element which forms an ion with a 2charge

(viii)an element which forms an ion with a 3charge

(ix) the most reactive metal

(x) an element that forms a great many compounds in which

it exhibits catenation.

12.2.Radium is an alkaline earth metal.

(i)How would you expect it to behave when reacting with

water? Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

(ii)Comment on the thermal stability and solubility of radium

carbonate.

12.3.Tin-plated metal cans are generally not used in very cold

countries – why?

12.4.What is the formula of a simple compound of carbon

and sulfur in which carbon has oxidation state 2? (The com-

pound is not very stable.)

12.5.Consider the following oxides formed by some elements

in period 2 of the Periodic Table:

Li 2 O, BeO, B 2 O 3 , CO 2 , NO 2

(i) Which oxide would you expect to be the most basic? Write

an equation for its reaction with water.

(ii)Which oxide would you expect to be the most acidic?

(iii)Give the formula of an amphoteric oxide.

12.6.What type of bonding exists in (i)RbCl(ii)ICl?

12.7.The graph shows the boiling points of the first 18 ele-

ments:

(i) Complete the graph by labelling the elements.

(ii)Which two elements have the highest boiling points?

Describe the bonding in these elements.

(iii)Name two elements with very low boiling points. Describe

the bonding in these elements.

(iv)Name two elements which exhibit metallic bonding.

Describe metallic bonding.

(v)Is there a periodic variation in boiling point among the ele-

ments of the second and third periods? Explain.

12.8.Consider the complex compound [Ni(H 2 O) 4 Cl 2 ].

(i) What is the coordination number of the central metal

atom?

(ii)What is the oxidation state of the nickel?

(iii)Name the compound.

12.9.Write formulae for:

(i)the tetraaquadichlorochromium(III) ion

(ii)the hexabromoplatinate(IV) ion.

12.10.Sketch and describe the structures of:

(i)[Cu(NH 3 ) 2 ]

(ii)[Co(NH 3 ) 6 ]^3 

X

D

EHIJM

K

LZ

YG

Revision questions

Boiling point / K

Atomic number

0

2000

4000

6000

Boiling point/K

HHeLiBe Atomic number

Extension material to support this unit is available on our website. For the chemistry of Groups 13, 15

and 16 see Appendix 12 on the website.