382 Persuasion and Attitude ChangeVisser, M. (1994). Policy voting, projection, and persuasion: An
application of balance theory to electoral behavior. Political
Psychology, 15,699–711.
Watts, W. A., & McGuire, W. J. (1964). Persistence of induced opin-
ion change and retention of the inducing message contents. Jour-
nal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 68,233–241.
Wegener, D. T., Downing, J., Krosnick, J. A., & Petty, R. E. (1995).
Measures and manipulations of strength-related properties of
attitudes: Current practice and future directions. In R. E. Petty &
J. A. Krosnick (Eds.), Attitude strength: Antecedents and conse-
quences(pp. 455–487). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Wegener, D. T., & Petty, R. E. (1997). The flexible correction
model: The role of naive theories of bias in bias correction. In
M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology
(Vol., 29, pp. 141–208). San Diego: Academic.
Wegener, D. T., & Petty, R. E. (1998). The naive scientist revisited:
Naive theories and social judgment. Social Cognition, 16,1–7.
Wegener, D. T., Petty, R. E., & Klein, D. J. (1994). Effects of mood on
high elaboration attitude change: The mediating role of likelihood
judgments.European Journal of Social Psychology, 24,25–43.
Wegener, D. T., Petty, R. E., & Smith, S. M. (1995). Positive mood
can increase or decrease message scrutiny: The hedonic contin-
gency view of mood and message processing. Journal of Per-
sonality and Social Psychology, 69,5–15.
Wells, G. L., & Petty, R. E. (1980). The effects of overt head move-
ment on persuasion: Compatibility and incompatibility of
responses.Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 1,219–230.
Wilson, T. D., & Brekke, N. (1994). Mental contamination and men-
tal correction: Unwanted influences on judgments and evalua-
tions.Psychological Bulletin, 116,117–142.
Wilson, T. D., Dunn, D. S., Kraft, D., & Lisle, D. J. (1989). Intro-
spection, attitude change, and attitude-behavior consistency: The
disrupting effects of explaining why we feel the way we do.
Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 22,287–343.
Wilson, T. D., & Hodges, S. D. (1992). Attitudes as temporary con-
structions. In L. L. Martin & A. Tesser (Eds.), The construction
of social judgments(pp. 37–65). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Wilson, T. D., & Kraft, D. (1993). Why do I love thee?: Effects of
repeated introspections about a dating relationship on attitudes
toward the relationship. Personality and Social Psychology Bul-
letin, 19,409–418.
Wilson, T. D., Lindsey, S., & Schooler, T. Y. (2000). A model of dual
attitudes.Psychological Review, 107,101–126.
Wilson, T. D., Lisle, D. J., Schooler, J., Hodges, S. D., Klaaren,
K. J., & LaFleur, S. J. (1993). Introspecting about reasons can re-
duce post-choice satisfaction. Personality and Social Psychol-
ogy Bulletin, 19,331–339.
Wilson, T. D., & Schooler, J. W. (1991). Thinking too much: Intro-
spection can reduce the quality of preferences and decisions.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60,181–192.
Winograd, E., Goldstein, F. C., Monarch, E. S., Peluso, J. P., &
Goldman, W. P. (1999). The mere exposure effect in patients
with Alzheimer’s disease. Neuropsychology, 13,41–46.Wittenbrink, B., Judd, C. M., & Park, B. (1997). Evidence for racial
prejudice at the implicit level and its relationship with question-
naire measures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
72,262–274.
Wood, W. (1982). Retrieval of attitude-relevant information from
memory: Effects on susceptibility to persuasion and on intrinsic
motivation.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42,
798–910.
Wood, W., & Kallgren, C. A. (1988). Communicator attributes and
persuasion: Recipients access to attitude-relevant information
in memory. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 14,
172–182.
Wood, W., Rhodes, N., & Biek, M. (1995). Working knowledge and
attitude strength: An information processing analysis. In R. E.
Petty & J. A. Krosnick (Eds.), Attitude strength: Antecedents and
consequences(pp. 283–313). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Word, C. O., Zanna, M. P., & Cooper, J. (1974). The nonverbal me-
diation of self-fulfilling prophecies in interracial interaction.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 10,109–120.
Wright, P. L. (1981). Cognitive responses to mass media advocacy.
In R. E. Petty, T. M. Ostrom, & T. C. Brock (Eds.), Cognitive
responses in persuasion(pp. 263–282). Hillsdale, NJ: Erl-
baum.
Wyer, R. S., Jr. (1970). Quantitative prediction of belief and opinion
change: A further test of a subjective probability model. Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology, 16,559–570.
Wyer, R. S., Jr. (1973). Further test of a subjective probability model
of social inference. Journal of Research in Personality, 7,
237–253.
Wyer, R. S., Jr. (1974). Cognitive organization and change: An
information-processing approach.Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Yalch, R. F., & Elmore-Yalch, R. (1984). The effect of numbers on
the route to persuasion. Journal of Consumer Research, 11,
522–527.
Zajonc, R. B. (1968). Attitudinal effects of mere exposure. Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology Monograph Supplements,
9,1–27.
Zanna, M. P., & Cooper, J. (1974). Dissonance and the pill: An
attribution approach to studying the arousal properties of
dissonance.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 29,
703–709.
Zanna, M. P., Kiesler, C. A., & Pilkonis, P. A. (1970). Positive and
negative attitudinal affect established by classical conditioning.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 14,321–328.
Zanna, M. P., & Rempel, J. K. (1988). Attitudes: A new look at an
old concept. In D. Bar-Tal & A. W. Kruglanski (Eds.), The social
psychology of knowledge (pp. 315–334). Cambridge, UK:
Cambridge University Press.
Zimbardo, P. G., Weisenberg, M., Firestone, I., & Levy, B. (1965).
Communicator effectiveness in producing public conformity
and private attitude change. Journal of Personality, 33,
233–255.mill_ch15.qxd 10/1/02 10:04 AM Page 382