Contents xix
Section 5. Surveying, Route Design, and Highway
Bridges .......................................................... 5.1
Surveying and Route Design ................................................ 5.2Plotting a Closed Traverse ........................................... 5.2Area of Tract with Rectilinear Boundaries .................... 5.4Partition of a Tract ........................................................ 5.5Area of Tract with Meandering Boundary: Offsets at
Irregular Intervals ............................................... 5.7Differential Leveling Procedure .................................... 5.8Stadia Surveying .......................................................... 5.9Volume of Earthwork .................................................... 5.10Determination of Azimuth of a Star by Field
Astronomy .......................................................... 5.11Time of Culmination of a Star ....................................... 5.14Plotting a Circular Curve .............................................. 5.14Intersection of Circular Curve and Straight Line ........... 5.17Realignment of Circular Curve by Displacement of
Forward Tangent ................................................ 5.18Characteristics of a Compound Curve .......................... 5.18Analysis of a Highway Transition Spiral ....................... 5.20Transition Spiral: Transit at Intermediate Station .......... 5.24Plotting a Parabolic Arc ................................................ 5.25Location of a Single Station on a Parabolic Arc ............ 5.28Location of a Summit ................................................... 5.29Parabolic Curve to Contain a Given Point .................... 5.29Sight Distance on a Vertical Curve ............................... 5.31Mine Surveying: Grade of Drift ..................................... 5.32Determining Strike and Dip from Two Apparent
Dips .................................................................... 5.33