Using values given above, the dynamic head loss in the piping system at the design
flow rate of 26 gal/min (1.64 L/s) is:/ 100 \i.85/ (26 gal/min)^1 -^85 \ / 1000 ft \H~ (°-2083)(^) ( oV** X-IOT) = (^4) ' 12 A (L26 m)
This represents head loss in the sludge piping system for clean water only. To deter-
mine head loss when pumping sludge at 5 percent solids, a multiplication factor (k) is
used. The value of k is obtained from empirical curves (see Fig. 11) for a given solids
content and pipeline velocity. The head loss when pumping sludge is obtained by multi-
plying the head loss of water by the multiplication factor.
The velocity of 26 gal/min (1.64 L/s) in a 3 in (76.3 mm) diameter pipe is
Velocity, m/s
Velocity, ft/s
FIGURE 11. Head-loss multiplication factor for dif-
ferent pipe velocities vs. sludge concentration. (Met-
calf & Eddy, Wastewatwer Engineering: Treatment,
Disposal and Reuse, 3rd Ed., McGraw-Hill.)
Sludge
multiplication
factor,
k
2%sohds