Scarcity and SurfeitHomer-Dixon et al, op cit, p 270.
Demand-induced scarcity results from population pressure whereas supply-
induced scarcity results from the degradation of resources.
91 % of total wood consumption in Rwanda was for fuel wood. See Homer-Dixon,
op cit.
Ibid, p 3.
Gasana, op cit, p 12.
See International Monetary Fund (IMP), An approach to the poverty reduction
action plan for Rwanda, The Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper, 2000.
J Olson, Demographic Responses to Resource Constraints in Rwanda, Rwanda
Society-Environment Project, working paper no 7, 1994.
Ibid.
B Blarel, Banque Mondiale with SESA, 1988.
See Republique Rwandaise, Recement Generale de la Population et de ?Habitat au
15 Aout 1991, Kigali, 1993.
G Baechler, Violence through environmental discrimination, Academic, Kluwer,
1999.
Olson, op cit.
Resource capture applies to both control of resources and control of the state for
political and economic gains. See Gasana, op cit. Gasana views both access to
power and access to land as intimately related as control of the state enabled elite
groups to capture land among other property.
Baechler, op cit, p 139.
See Gasana, op cit. See also Adelman et al, op cit, p 18.
J Olson, Behind the Recent Tragedy, Rwanda Geo Journal, vol35, no 2,1995.
See Olson 1995, p 326.
P Uvin, Aiding violence: The development enterprise in Rwanda, Kumarian Press,
West Harford, CT, 1998, p 187.
World Bank, Rwanda Poverty Survey, 1998.
Prunier, op cit, p 16.
See French Policy in Rwanda 1973-1994.
Known as Imidugudu in Rwanda.
See Van Hoyweghen, op cit, p 28.
Ibid, p 29.
See International Monetary Fund, op cit.
Ibid.