Tropical Forest Community Ecology

Erica Schwarz CARSON:“carson_index” — 2008/5/27 — 14:41 — page 513 — #23

Index513

are endophytes a distinct group 262B
comparative studies needed 261–2
designating functional taxonomic units 261B
each leaf harbors distinctive endophyte
community 260
estimated global diversity 259–60
studies, challenges still to be addressed 260–2,
261B
tropical forest community ecology, and endophytes
263–4
hypotheses regarding role of endophytic fungi
257 , 262B, 263–4
tropical forest community structure, FDPs 103–4
tropical forest conservation 7–8
Amazon Basin, threats and promises 7
conservation opportunities 481–3
capturing externalities 481
conservation incentive agreement (CIA)
approach 482
costs of certification direct and indirect 482
financial compensation for lost livelihoods 481
markets for FSC-certified products 482
payments for environmental services (PES) 482
voluntary third-party certification of forest
products 482
ecological foundation for 475–7
ecologists dominate field of 475–6
influence of biogeographical model 476–7
expertocratic approaches inappropriate 7
failure to recognize complex reality of 474
no one-size-fits-all approach 476 , 483
and promotion of social welfare 474–5
varying threats among world’s major forests 7,
447–50
tropical forest conservation and ecologists 474–89
conservation opportunities 481–3
role for ecology and ecologists 483–4
conservation solutions
need sensitive local negotiation 475
reflect various socioeconomic contexts
480–1
vary in size and land-use intensities 477–80
no overarching theory 475
tropical forest ecology, sterile or virgin for
theoreticians 121–42
dangers of theory, analysis of a trade-off
132–3
invasion of forest of superior competitors 132
light-demanding species 133
misleading theory 132

pioneerCecropia, and anti-herbivore defense

133

sun leaves and shade leaves 133

diversity 131–4

forest structure 126–7

framing a mathematical theory of forest ecology

122–3

limits on gross production 123–5

competition for light 124

estimating forest’s daily photosynthesis 124

leaf area indexes 123

long term, may be independent of soil quality

124, 125

photosynthesis carried out by leaf area 124

mathematical theory contributions to forest

ecology 123–36

nutrient conservation 128–30

factors influencing rateU 0 of nitrogen per soil

unit area 128–9

leaf turnover lower on poorer soils 130

poor soils favor reducing nutrient losses 129

tree mortality lower on poor soils 129–30, 129

nutrient conservation affecting forest

characteristics 130

on poor soils, leaves and crowns restrict

transpiration 130

primary impacts from longer-lived leaves 130

obstacles to theory, pest pressure and tree diversity

133–4

factors influencing pest’s pressure on host 134

mathematical theory of pest pressure and

diversity 133–4

pest pressure more intense in the tropics 133

specialist pests and pathogens inflict most

damage 133

soil and above- vs. below-ground allocation 125 ,

127–8, 128

competing for nutrients, tragedy of the

commons 127

soil nitrogen supply governs allocation to leaves

127–8

soil quality and forest structure 127–34

testing Hubbell’s neutral theory 131–2

faster spreading tree species 131

selection against hybrids 131

theory, pest pressure, ecology, evolution of tropical

forest 134–6

animals as pollinators and seed dispersers 135,

136

effective anti-herbivore defense and rarity

134–5