(5) In re Subpoena to University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 353
(6) Subpoenas in John Doe Actions 353
(7) Interscope Records v. Does 1-7 354
(8) In re Maximized Living 354
- Proposed Limitation of Scope of Shrinkwrap and Clickwrap Licenses That
Did Not Pass 354
III. APPLICATION OF COPYRIGHT RIGHTS TO SPECIFIC ACTS ON THE
INTERNET 356
A. Browsing 356
B. Caching 358
- Types of Caching 358
- The Detriments of Caching 359
- The Netcom Case and Application of the Fair Use Doctrine 361
(a) Purpose and Character of the Use 361
(b) Nature of the Copyrighted Work 362
(c) Amount and Substantiality of the Portion Used 362
(d) Effect of Use on the Potential Market 363
- Cases Adjudicating Caching Under the Fair Use and Implied License
Doctrines 365
(a) Field v. Google 365
(b) Perfect 10 v. Google (aka Perfect 10 v. Amazon) 368
(c) Ticketmaster L.L.C. v. RMG Technologies, Inc. 369
(d) Parker v. Yahoo!, Inc. 370
- Other Caching Cases 371
(a) Facebook v. Power Ventures 371
C. Liability of Online Service Providers 372
- Direct Liability 372
(a) Louis Vuitton v. Akanoc Solutions 373
(b) Flava Works v. Gunter 374
(c) UMG Recording v. Escape Media 375
- Contributory Liability 377
(a) The Netcom Case 377
(b) The MAPHIA Case 378
(c) The Peer-to-Peer Filing Sharing Cases 379
(1) The Napster Cases 379
(2) The Scour.com Lawsuit 414
(3) The Aimster/Madster Lawsuits 415
(4) The StreamCast/Kazaa/Grokster Lawsuits 421
(5) The Supreme Court’s Grokster Decision 428
(6) The Grokster Decision on Remand 443
(i) The Ruling on Liability 443
(ii) The Permanent Injunction 447
(7) The Audiogalaxy Case 450
