downy mildew fungi 293, 302,
306 –7
dsRNA and chestnut blight 175– 6
dry rot 95, 129–30, 230 –1
dung, herbivore 190 –2
Dutch elm disease 170, 191– 4
dynein 63echinocandins 342, 354
economic coefficient (of culture
biomass) 120
electric fields around hyphae
113 –14
electron transport chain 125
elicitors of plant defense 291–3
Embden-Meyerhof pathway 122
et seq.
endocytosis and vesicle trafficking
60 –2
endophytic fungi 7, 217 , 218, 257 ,
296, 298 –9, 302, 316
clavicipitaceous, producing toxins
ergovaline 298
lolitrem B 298
peramine 298
energy
generation 122– 6
storage/translocated compounds
seearabitol, erythritol, mannitol,
glycogen, trehalose
environmental conditions for growth
142–57
enzymes
of insect pathogens 181
of plant pathogens 282 , 284 –7,
288 –9
of saprotrophs 220 –2
secretion 71–2, 114 –15
wall-bound 115
wall-lytic 94, 107
in wood decay 229–35
ergosterol 6, 41, 58, 178, 215, 335,
342, 345, 351 , 352–3
ergot/ergot alkaloids 7, 13, 133,
137– 8
ethanol 96
exponential growth phase 80
expressed sequence tags (ESTs) 80 –1facial eczema 140
fairy ring fungi 221–2
farmer’s lung disease 208
fatty acids: β-oxidation 126
fermentation – biochemical process,
defined 126
filasomes 52
flagella seezoosporic fungi
fluorescent pseudomonads – control
of plant pathogens 238 –9
fluorescent vital dyes (fluorochromes)
215–16
food spoilage 338368 GENERAL INDEX
foods and flavorings 9–11
Quorn mycoprotein 81–3
foreign gene products see
heterologous gene products
form-genus 39
fossil fungi 3, 4 , 21–3
fruit-rot fungi 88, 90 , 102 , 284–6
fumaric acid 128
fungal growth – mechanisms 67–73
et seq.
fungal viruses and viral genes
162– 4
fungi
characteristic features 4 – 6
control of fungi 338 –54
fungal interactions 240 –54
fungicides
inorganic – copper, mercury, sulfur
343
organic (protectant) 344
systemic 344 –7
fungistasis (mycostasis) 188 –90
furoviruses (fungally transmitted
rod-shaped) 202–3
fusaric acid 294
fusicoccin 148
fusidic acid 294galactosidase (β-) 112
galvanotropism 75
gametangium
of Chytridiomycota 18, 21
of Zygomycota 23, 24 , 26
gari 10
gel electrophoresis 87, 286
gene-for-gene relationship 296 –7,
302, 307
genes
differentiation-related 107
mating-type 103– 6
targeted disruption 103, 171, 173,
289, 292
genomes of fungi
chromosomal genome size 161
fungal genome initiative 177–9
genome defense mechanisms
179
mitochondrial genome size 161
germ pore, of uredospores 73
germ-tube 51, 65, 73
gibberellins 12
gliotoxin 240
gliovirin 240
Glomeromycota 16 , 21–3
glucan synthase 50, 58, 69–71
glucanase (β-1,3) – wall lytic enzyme
71
glucans
of fungal walls 55– 6, 70 –2
synthase 71
glucobrassicin/glucosinolase 46 –7
gluconeogenesis 127glucose oxidase 247– 8
β-glucosidase (cellobiase) 116
glyoxylate cycle 127– 8
golgi apparatus 59
gongylidia 277
gossypol 291
Gramineae (grasses) – root cortical
death 226–8
griseofulvin 342, 348, 350
growth
apical 4, 5, 41, 48 –52, 63–5,
67–73
colony 51–3, 78 –9
dimorphism 85–7
environmental influences on
142–57
intercalary 108
kinetics 80 –1
media 110 –13
pre-penetration, of plant
pathogens 90 –3
specific growth rate 80 –3
yeast 53–5, 76–8haploidy – typical of most true fungi
6, 164
Hartig net, of ectomycorrhizas 264
haustorium
of biotrophic mycoparasites 25,
245
of lichens 271–2
of plant pathogens 302– 6
hemibiotroph 280, 300
hemicellulose 213, 217, 218, 220,
223, 229, 231
hepatitis B vaccine 2, 171
heterologous gene products 2, 171,
235, 286
heterothallism
(outcrossing)/homothallism 24,
27, 30, 32
histoplasmosis 323 , 332
homokaryons/heterokaryons 164–6
human disease 7– 8, 322–37
aspergillosis 329–30
blastomycosis 332–3
candidosis 327–9
coccidioidomycosis 330 –2
cryptococcosis 333–5
dermatophycosis 322–7
histoplasmosis 332
paracoccidioidomycosis 333
pneumonitis 335–7
zygomycosis 27
humidity, relative 155
hydrogen ion concentration (pH)
146–8
hydrogenosome 149–51
hydrophobins 102–3, 269
cerato-ulmin 294
hypersensitive response (to infection)
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