Islam at War: A History

70 ISLAM AT WAR thus extinguished and the land became a province of the rising Ottoman empire. However, the great distance from ...

EGYPT IN THE WORLD OF ISLAM 71 walls and fired on the advancing French infantry, but it did not last par- ticularly long. The Fr ...

72 ISLAM AT WAR litia remained under Murad to defend Cairo, while a force of around 100,000 advanced north to engage the French. ...

EGYPT IN THE WORLD OF ISLAM 73 tempered French bayonets could be bent into quite acceptable fishing hooks and made his fortune f ...

74 ISLAM AT WAR The mystic beliefs of the Sufis were also forbidden. He preached predes- tination—the absolute nonexistence of f ...

EGYPT IN THE WORLD OF ISLAM 75 brutally slaughtering everyone. This was a prelude to the attack by Mu- hammad ibn SaÛud against ...

76 ISLAM AT WAR Ibn Rashid declared himself Caliph of all Islam. The SaÛuds and the Wah- habis considered this a sacrilege and b ...

EGYPT IN THE WORLD OF ISLAM 77 of piratical seafaring, outfitted a horde of corsairs and quickly outclassed the Ottomans in the ...

78 ISLAM AT WAR tempted to do so with the Treaty of London, July 6, 1827. However Ibrahim refused to comply with Western demands ...

EGYPT IN THE WORLD OF ISLAM 79 allowed the Ottomans to continue their control much longer than might have otherwise occurred. CH ...

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Chapter 6 THE MUSLIM CONQUEST AND LOSS OF SPAIN The fiery Islamic storm that blew through Egypt expanded westward and threw spar ...

82 ISLAM AT WAR The overall leader of the Visigoths was King Roderick. The Muslim forces were an estimated 12,000 men. The battl ...

THE MUSLIM CONQUEST AND LOSS OF SPAIN 83 Charles’s army of Franks may have been of a similar size to that of the Moors—some esti ...

84 ISLAM AT WAR Talavera, sacked it and put its Muslim population to the sword. Er-Rahman responded with an attack on the fortre ...

THE MUSLIM CONQUEST AND LOSS OF SPAIN 85 alliance between the warlords of both Christian and Moorish religions. Until near the e ...

86 ISLAM AT WAR their armies were no longer victorious, the native Saracens grumbled against the Berber dynasty, and in 1122 ope ...

THE MUSLIM CONQUEST AND LOSS OF SPAIN 87 peated counterattacks. The end came when these failed and the whole army suddenly broke ...

88 ISLAM AT WAR the new religion came in on the standards of the invading warlords. Mus- lim princes, powers, and dynasties rose ...

THE MUSLIM CONQUEST AND LOSS OF SPAIN 89 1212 Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa gives Christians control of cen- tral Spain and mark ...