Notes 2419 Pearce, D. W.et al. 1996. In Bruce,Climate Change 1995: Economic and
Social Dimensions, Chapter 6.
10 Summary for policymakers. In Bruce,Climate Change 1995: Economic and
Social Dimensions.
11 Cline argues for a low rate (Cline, W. R. 1992.The Economics of Global
Warming. Washington DC: Institute for International Economics, Chap-
ter 6). Nordhaus (Nordhaus, W. R. 1994.Managing the Global Commons:
the Economics of Climate Change. Massachusetts: MIT Press) has used rates
in the range of five to ten per cent; see also Tol, R. S. J. 1999. The marginal
costs of greenhouse gas emissions.The Energy Journal, 20 , pp. 61–81.
12 Dasgupta, P. 2001.Human Well-Being and the Natural Environment. Oxford:
Oxford University Press, p. 184, see also pp. 183–91; see also Markhndya,
A., Halsnaes, K.et al. Costing methodologies. In Metz,Climate Change
2001: Mitigation, Chapter 7.
13 Further detail in Hourcade, J.-C., Shukla, P.et al. 2001. Global regional and
national costs and ancillary benefits of mitigation. In Metz,Climate Change
2001: Mitigation, Chapter 8.
14 Weyant, J.et al. Integrated assessment of climate change. In Bruce,Climate
Change 1995: Economic and Social Dimensions, Chapter 10.
15 A full discussion of such integrated appraisal can be found in21st Report of
the UK Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. London: Stationery
Office.
16 Fora discussion of this issue see Daly, H. E. 1993. From empty-world eco-
nomics to full-world economics: a historical turning point in economic de-
velopment. In Ramakrishna, K., Woodwell, G. M. (eds.)World Forests for
the Future. Princeton: Yale University Press, pp. 79–91.
17 Bruce,Climate Change 1995: Economic and Social Dimensions; Metz,
Climate Change 2001: Mitigation.