318 Energy andtransport for thefuture
12 More detail of heat pumps and their applications in Smith, P. F.
2003.Sustainability at the Cutting Edge. London: Architectural Press,
pp. 45–50.
13 From National Academy of Sciences,Policy Implications of Greenhouse
Warming. 1992. Washington DC: National Academy Press, Chapter 21.
14 Smith,Sustainability, pp. 135–7.
15 See, for instance, von Weizacker, E., Lovins, A. B., Lovins, L. H. 1997.
Factor Four, Doubling Wealth: Halving Resource Use. London: Earthscan,
pp. 28–9.
16 http://www.zedfactory.com/bedzed/bedzed.html.
17 See Moomaw, W. R., Moreira,J. R.et al. 2001. Technological and economic
potential of greenhouse gas emissions reduction. In Metz,Climate Change
2001: Mitigation, Chapter 3, Table 3.5.
18 Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, 18th and 20th Reports
Transport and the Environment. London: HMSO, 1994 and 1997. Also see
Moomaw, W. R., Moreira, J. R.et al. 2001. Technological and economic
potential of greenhouse gas emissions reduction. In Metz,Climate Change
2001: Mitigation, Section 3.4.
19 From the Summary for Policymakers in Penner, J.et al. 1999.Aviation and
the Global Atmosphere. A special report of the IPCC. Cambridge: Cam-
bridge University Press.
20 More detail in Moomaw and Moreira, in Metz,Climate Change 2001: Mit-
igation, Section3.4.
21 Example quoted inEnergy, Environment and Profits. 1993. London: Energy
Efficiency Office of the Department of the Environment.
22 See, for instance,National Academy of Sciences, Policy Implications of
Greenhouse Warming. 1992. Washington DC: National Academy Press,
Chapter 22; alsoEnergy for Tomorrow’s World: the Realities, the Real Op-
tions and the Agenda for Achievement. WEC Commission Report. New
York: World Energy Council, 1993, Chapter 4; Kashiwagi, T.et al. 1996.
Industry. In Watson,Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Chapter 20; Moomaw
and Moreira.In Metz,Climate Change 2001: Mitigation, Chapter 3.
23 From speech by Lord Browne, BP Chief Executive to the Institutional
Investors Group, London, 26th November 2003.
24 Carbonaceous fuel is burnt to form carbon monoxide, CO, which then reacts
with steam according to the equation CO+H 2 O=CO 2 +H 2.
25 SeePutting Carbon Back in the Ground. Report by IEA Greenhouse Gas R
& D Programme, http://www.ieagreen.org.uk.
26 ‘Large’ hydro applies to schemes greater than ten megawatts in capacity;
‘small’ hydro to schemes smaller than ten megawatts.
27 Sources of comprehensive information about renewable energy are: Boyle,
G. (ed.) 1996.Renewable Energy Power for a Sustainable Future. Oxford:
Oxford University Press; Johansson, T. B.et al. 1993.Renewable Energy.
Washington DC: Island Press;Renewable Energy Resources. World En-
ergy Council Report. 1993. London: World Energy Council; Moomaw,
W. R., Moreira, J. R.et al. 2001. Technological and economic potential of