Notes 27solar radiation but also absorb thermal radiation, and so have a blanketing
effect similar to greenhouse gases. For the purposes of illustrating the effect
of greenhouse gases, therefore, it is more correct to omit the effect of clouds
from this initial calculation.
5 Further details can be found in Mudge, F. B. The development of greenhouse
theory of global climate change from Victorian times. 1997.Weather, 52 ,
pp. 13–16.
6 A range of 1.5 to 4.5◦C is quoted in Chapter 6, page 120.
7 The formal theory of the greenhouse effect is presented in Houghton,
J. T. 2002.The Physics of Atmospheres, third edition, Chapter 2. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. See also Chapter 14 of that book.
8 More detail of the radiative effects of clouds is given in Chapter 5; see
Figures 5.14 and 5.15.
9 More detailed information about the enhanced greenhouse effect can be
found in Houghton, J. T. 2002.The Physics of Atmospheres, third edition,
Chapter 14. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
10 The dependence of the absorption on the concentration of gas is approxi-
matelylogarithmic.
11 For some helpful diagrams and more information about the infrared spec-
trum of different greenhouse gases, see Harries, J. E. 1996. The greenhouse
Earth: a view from space.Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological
Society, 122 , pp. 799–818.
12 For information about LTE see, for instance, Houghton, J. T. 2002.The
Physics of Atmospheres, third edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.