http://www.ck12.org Chapter 25. Organic Chemistry
FIGURE 25.10
Ways to represent benzene ring.pi bonding.
Lesson Summary
- Hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen.
- Alkanes contain only carbon-carbon single bonds.
- Alkenes contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds.
- Alkynes contain one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds.
- Chemists use a shorthand for drawing organic structures that focuses on functional groups and simplifies the
drawing of the hydrocarbon backbone. - Many hydrocarbons are cyclic and adopt specific three-dimensional structures that influence their physical and
chemical properties. - Aromatic compounds are cyclic and have a cloud of pi electrons above and below the plane of the ring.
Lesson Review Questions
- What is a hydrocarbon?
- Classify the following hydrocarbons as saturated or unsaturated, and identify each as an alkane, alkene, or
alkyne:
a. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
b. CH 3 CH=CHCH 2 CH 3
c. CH 3 C≡CH- Name each of the compounds in the previous problem.
Further Reading/Supplementary Links
- Overview of organic chemistry: http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/careers/whatchemistsdo/careers/organic-
chemistry.html - Organic chemistry nomenclature: http://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJml/nomen1.htm
- Hydrocarbons: http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/1organic/hydro.html