Building Up A Research Ethics System 239provides a starting point for this, e.g. Ethics Guidelines for Internet-
mediated Research (British Psychological Society, 2013) and the Code
of Research Ethics and Guidelines for visual research (International
Visual Sociology Association, 2009). Initiatives such as the Participant-
Centered Consent (PCC) toolkit^3 and “open consent” (Wilbanks, 2014)
have also responded to the needs of data-sharing beyond traditional
privacy protection.
13.5 Summary
This paper has outlined the major tasks of a university for
establishing a research ethics system, and a number of issues which have
emerged in research ethics. The research ethics system does not
determine, but informs, decisions to be made systematically, following
widely accepted ethical principles.
The latest developments in research and research methods have
presented challenges to conventional approaches to research ethics. So
that stakeholders of research projects can ensure ethical operations in the
studies, both the institution and academics need to keep abreast of
emerging ethical issues and their possible resolutions.
Acknowledgement
The work described in this paper was partially supported by a grant
from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region, China (UGC/IDS16/14).
3
http://sagebase.org/e-consent/