TANTRIC BUDDHISM (INCLUDING CHINA AND JAPAN)
emanations from the speech of Mahesvara and came to operate in Jam-
budvipa on the surface of the earth, thus identified as the eight earth-
going ferocities (*asfa-bhucara-bhairava). They were red because they
represented a predominance of desire.
East-Kamariipa
}2 chief yalcya, from the north.^18
North-O<,fra Called lcyetra in yalcya language.
West-Trisakuni
}2 attendant ya/cya. Called
South-Kosala upa/cyetra in yalcya language.
SE-Kalinga
}2 principal rii/cyasas. Called
SW-Lampaka chandoha in rii/cyasa language.
NW-Kafici
}2 attendant rii/cyasas. Called
NE-Himalaya upachandoha in rii/cyasa language.C. The two chief divine snakes (niiga), the two attendant niiga, the two
chief demigods (asura) and the two attendant asura were emanations
from the body of Mahe8vara and came to operate in Jambudvipa from
below the surface of the earth, thus identified as the eight below-the-
earth-going ferocities (*asta-piitiilacara-bhairava). They were white
because they represented a predominance of ignorance.
East-Pretapuri
}2 chief niigas, from the ocean.
North-Grhadevata Called meliipaka in niiga language.W est-Saura~tra
}2 attendant niigas. Called
South-Suvan;tl)advipa upameliipaka in niiga language.
SE-Nagara
}2 chief asuras, from below Sumeru.
SW-Sindhu Called smasiina in asura language.
NW -Maru-de8a
}2 attendant asuras. Called
NE-Kulata upasmasiina in asura language.D. Following the emanation of these twenty-four bhairavas and their
consorts, Mahadeva arose on the peak of Mt. Sumeru, having four
heads, twelve arms, naked, black, with his hair tied up in matted locks
and smeared with ashes. His consort, Uma Devi, was red with one face
and two arms, and they were in sexual union.
E. In conjunction with Mahe8vara, his four Uma and eight Matrka
emanated. The four Uma derived from the qualities (gu~a) of Mahes-
vara and were yellow because of a predominance of malignity.^19
Front-NTiarahu (sGra gcan sngon mo)^20
Left-Haritoparahu (Nye ba'i sgra gcan ljang gu)
Behind-Raktandhika (Mun pa dmar po )^21
Right-Pitopandhika (Nye ba'i mun pa ser po)