Notice that the past participle is invariable, in other words, it does not change to agree in
number or gender with the subject.
A few verbs have irregular past participles, and these have to be learnt separately:
abrir to open abierto
cubrir to cover cubierto
decir to say/tell dicho
escribir to write escrito
freír to fry frito
hacer to do/make hecho
morir to die muerto
poner to put puesto
resolver to solve resuelto
romper to break roto
ver to see visto
volver to return vuelto
Juan ha roto la ventana.
Juan has broken the window.Hemos resuelto el problema.
We have solved the problem.Verbs which are compounds of any of the above (e.g. descubrir, devolver, suponer,
proponer, disponer, prever) will have the same irregularity:
suponer to suppose supuesto
descubrir to discover descubierto
prever to foresee previsto
The perfect tense can also be used in Spanish to refer to recent events in the past as
follows:
I did it this morning.
Lo he hecho esta mañana. (or Lo hice esta mañana.)I saw her today.
La he visto hoy. (or La vi hoy.)Note: The perfect tense is not used in the following type of sentence, when the action of
the verb is still going on:
Basic Spanish: A grammar and workbook 134