30.Albro Martin, James J. Hill and the Opening of the Northwest (New York, 1976),
p. 345; Adler, Schiff, 1:12–13; Carosso, “Financial Elite,” pp. 78–81; Roberts,
“A Conflict of Loyalties,” p. 5; reel 696, CA MSS, p. 935; Thomas C. Cochran
and William Miller, The Age of Enterprise (New York, 1961), p. 194.
31.Eduard Rosenbaum, “M. M. Warburg & Co.,” Leo Baeck Institute, Year Book
7 (1962): 137; reel 688, memo by Max Bonn, 29 June 1926.
32.Kurt Grunwald, “‘Windsor-Cassel’: The Last Court Jew,” Leo Baeck Insti-
tute, Year Book 14 (1969): 119–61; Cecil Roth, “The Court Jews of Edwardian
England,” Jewish Social Studies 5 (Oct. 1943): 362–63; entry for Cassel, Dic-
tionary of National Biography, 1912–21, pp. 97–100.
33.Reel 676, CA MSS, 14 May 1884; reel 686, 14 Mar. 1893; reel 688, Schiff to
E. Cassel, 23 Sept. 1880; reel 693, CA MSS, Schiff to E. Cassel, 29 Aug. 1880,
15 Apr. 1894; Vincent P. Carosso, The Morgans (Cambridge, Mass., 1987), p.
419.
34.Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 61; Cyrus Adler Papers (JTS archives), C. Adler to
M. Kohler, 26 Nov. 1928; Kobler, Otto the Magnificent, p. 22.
35.Adler, Schiff, 1: 83.
36.Most of vol. 1 of Adler, Schiff, deals with railroad activities; Carosso, Morgans,
p. 247; Carosso, “Financial Elite,” p. 81; Martin, James J. Hill, p. 273; Kuhn,
Loeb & Co.: A Century of Investment Banking (New York, 1967), p. 9; reel 686,
Schiff to H. Tatnall, 27 Jan. 1907.
37.Carosso, “Financial Elite,” pp. 88–89; Paul B. Trescott, Financing American
Enterprise (New York, 1963), pp. 125–26; Cochran and Miller, Age of Enter-
prise, pp. 188–92, 196–97; John Chamberlain, The Enterprising Americans
(New York, 1963), pp. 166–74; Redlich, Molding of American Banking, 2:384.
38.Redlich, Molding of American Banking, 2:386; Money Trust Investigation, pt. 23,
pp. 1697–99; Powers, “Schiff”; Chamberlain, Enterprising Americans, p. 181;
reel 681, CA MSS, p. 290; reel 696, CA MSS, p. 1047.
39.Martin, James J. Hill, pp. 284, 345, 378, 394, 406, 436–38; Warburg, Reminis-
cences, pp. 62–63; reel 686, Schiff to S. Rea, 13 Apr. 1903; Kobler, Otto the
Magnificent, p.21.
40.Adler, Schiff, 1:42, 85–87, 91–92, 107–9; reel 680, Schiff to E. Cassel, 14 Aug.
1895; reel 685, Schiff to J. Hill, 28, 31 Dec. 1894; Ben B. Seligman, Business
and Businessmen in American History (New York, 1971), p. 149; Carosso, Mor-
gans, pp. 382–85.
41.Carosso, Morgans, pp. 386–88; George Kennan, E. H. Harriman, 2 vols. (Bos-
ton, 1922), 1:118–20; George Wheeler, Pierpont Morgan and Friends(Engle-
wood Cliffs, N.J., 1973), p. 247; Matthew Josephson, The Robber Barons (New
York, 1934), p. 401; reel 687, Schiff to S. Rea, 23 Sept. 1904.
42.Reel 685, Schiff to E. Cassel, 18 Oct. 1895; reel 689, Schiff to E. Cassel, 25
Nov. 1895; Kennan, Harriman, 1:122–26; Chamberlain, Enterprising Ameri-
cans, p. 175; reel 694, CA MSS, memo by Paul Warburg, 20 Nov. 1925.
43.Adler, Schiff, 1:117–21; reel 687, Schiff to P. Warburg, 21 Aug. 1906; C. M.
Keys, “A ‘Corner’ in Pacific Railroads,” World’s Work 9 (Feb. 1905): 5818–19;
Seligman, Business and Businessmen, pp. 153ff; Kennan, Harriman, 2:370.
44.Reel 676, Schiff to R. Fleming, 1 Sept. 1897; reel 680, Schiff to L. Gage, 17
Nov. 1897; reel 687, Schiff to E. Cassel, 27 Oct. 1897; reel 688, Schiff to R.254 Notes to Chapter 1