83.Reel 693, Schiff to L. Marshall, 11 June 1914, to S. Wise, 18 June 1914; reel
1977, Schiff to J. Mack, 2 Feb. 1914, L. Marshall to Schiff, 21 Apr., 10 June
1914.
84.Cyrus Adler papers (JTS archives), C. Adler to L. Marshall, 20 July 1914; AH,
3 July 1914; NYT,6 July 1914; Robinson, Cyrus Adler, 1:252–53; Efrati, Amer-
ican Jewry and the Yishuv, p. 12. It is interesting that Zionist leader Chaim
Weizmann was also unwilling to alienate the Hilfsverein. Jehuda Reinharz,
Chaim Weizmann (New York, 1985), pp. 391–92.
85.AH, 10 July 1914; Maccabaean 25 (July 1914): 2–7. The Zionist periodical
Maccabaeanhad affirmed even earlier that Zionists would not trade control of
the yishuv for money. Maccabaean 24 (Jan. 1914): 3–4.
86.AH, 17 July 1914; American Israelite, 27 Aug. 1914; reel 1977, S. Wolf to Schiff,
7 July 1914.
87.Reel 693, Schiff to P. Nathan, 21 July 1914, to J. Mack, 5 Jan. 1920; reel 1977,
Schiff to L. Marshall, 31 Oct. 1914; reel 1978, Schiff to editor, AH, 24 Nov.
1915; Adler, Schiff, 2:175–76; Naomi W. Cohen, American Jews and the Zionist
Idea (New York, 1975), p. 23.
88.Reel 693, Schiff to J. Rosenwald, 4 Dec. 1914; reel 1977, Schiff to G. Seliko-
vitch, 22 Dec. 1914; reel 1978, Schiff to C. Melchior, 25 Jan. 1915; Maccabaean
26 (May 1915): 84; reel 1978, Schiff to L. Abbott, 3, 6, 29 Dec. 1915, to J.
Magnes, 3, 15 Aug. 1915, L. Abbott to Schiff, 4, 28 Dec. 1915; reel 1979, S.
Schulman to Schiff, 30 Nov., 1, 3 Dec. 1915, Schiff to S. Schulman, 6, 13 Dec.
1915; Louis Brandeis and Samuel Schulman in Outlook, 5 Jan. 1916.
89.Ephrati, American Jewry and the Yishuv, p. 8.- The World at War (Notes to Pages 189–237)
1.See, for example, Tageblatt, 7 Jan. 1917, Independent, 15 Jan. 1917, issue of AH
celebrating Schiff’s birthday, 5 Jan. 1917; reel 689, Schiff to E. Arnstein, 19
Sept. 1918; reel 694, R. Fleming to Schiff, 7 Feb. 1917; reel 1985, Schiff to L.
Marshall, 20 Sept. 1918. Schiff explained that since his hearing loss made it
impossible for him to participate in discussions, his attendance at meetings was
both a “farce” and “painful.”
2.Chaim Weizmann, Trial and Error, 2 vols. (Philadelphia, 1949), 1:62; Naomi
W. Cohen, Encounter with Emancipation (Philadelphia, 1984), p. 63; NYT, 11
Feb. 1913.
3.Reel 689, Schiff to M. Boardman, 11 Aug. 1914; NYT,30 July 1911, 22 Nov.- See also reel 1977, Schiff to L. Wiley, 1 Oct. 1914; reel 1982, Schiff to L.
Greenberg, 29 Jan. 1917, to editor Jewish World,2 Feb. 1917. The interview in
the Times gave rise to numerous comments by readers. NYT,25 Nov., 6, 26
Dec. 1914.
4.Charles W. Eliot, The Road to Peace(Boston, 1915), chap. 10; NYT,20, 23, 25,
26 Nov. 1914; Mark Levene, War, Jews, and the New Europe (Oxford, 1992),
p.28.
5.NYT,4 Dec. 1914; unsorted Schiff papers (American Jewish Archives), Schiff
to M. Warburg, 28 Jan., 16 Feb. 1915, M. Warburg to Schiff, 12 Feb. 1915.
286 Notes to Chapter 6