May 1917; reel 1982, Schiff to H. Jackson, 26 Apr. 1917; reel 1984, Schiff to
D. Lubin, 30 Apr. 1918; Adler, Schiff, 2:308; Stuart E. Knee, The Concept of
Zionist Dissent in the American Mind (New York, 1979), pp. 90–91. The pur-
pose of the League of Jewish Youth, to combat indifference to Judaism on the
part of the young people, was readily endorsed by Schiff and Marshall.
110.Reel 1982, Schiff to D. Philipson, 11 May 1917; reel 1983, D. Philipson to
Schiff, 1, 18 May 1917; reel 1985, Schiff to J. Mack, 4 Apr. 1918.
111 Reel 1982, Schiff to D. Philipson, 11 May 1917; reel 1983, D. Philipson to
Schiff, 18 May 1917; NYT,21 May 1917; AH, 18 May 1917.
112.Reel 1979, Schiff to S. Schulman, 6 Dec. 1915; reel 1980, Schiff to H. Hur-
witz, 17 May 1915; reel 1981, Schiff to E. Friedman, 15 May 1917; reel 1982,
Schiff to H. Enelow, 16 May 1917; AH, 3 Mar. 1916, 4 May 1917; Central
Zionist Archives (Jerusalem), A405/230, Schiff to D. Philipson, 11 May 1917.
113.Reel 1981, E. Friedman to Schiff, 10 May, 5, 14 Aug. 1917, Schiff to E. Fried-
man, 15 May 1917; reel 1982, E. Friedman to Schiff, 23 May 1917, Schiff to E.
Friedman, 5 July 1917. Friesel, “Schiff Becomes a Zionist,” passim; Adler,
Schiff,2:308–12. See also NYT,30 Dec. 1917; Elisha Friedman, “Zionism and
Hebrew Idealism,” AH,29 June 1917, AH,4 Jan. 1918.
114.AH,4 Jan. 1918.
115.Except where noted, for this and the next two paragraphs, see reel 679, Schiff
to E. Friedman, 25 Sept., 26 Oct. 1917, to I. Zangwill, 17 Oct. 1917, E. Fried-
man to Schiff, 21, 28 Sept., 25 Oct. 1917; reel 1982, Schiff to E. Friedman, 9,
29 Oct. 1917, E. Friedman to Schiff, 27 Oct., 2, 23 Nov. 1917. For this para-
graph, see also reel 1982, Schiff to L. Marshall, 14 Nov. 1917, L. Marshall to
Schiff, 14 Nov. 1917; Urofsky, American Zionism,p. 251; Friesel, “Schiff Be-
comes a Zionist,” pp. 74–75. Marshall had announced his support of Palestine
as a religious and cultural center to the cheers of the kehillahconvention in
April 1917. “I do not know whether I am talking Zionism,” he said, “but I have
always been such a Zionist.” NYT,29 Apr. 1917.
116.Reel 679, Schiff to I. Zangwill, 17 Oct. 1917; reel 1982, Schiff to L. Marshall, 14
Nov. 1917, L. Marshall to Schiff, 14 Nov. 1917; Central Zionist Archives,
A405/230, Schiff-Mack correspondence for November and December 1917;
Urofsky and Levy, Letters of Brandeis, 4:435; Knee, Concept of Zionist Dissent, p. 95.
117.Reel 679, Schiff to J. Mack, 4 Apr. 1918; reel 693, Schiff to I. Zangwill, 5 Mar.
1918; reel 1984, Schiff to D. Lubin, 30 Apr. 1918; Schiff papers (JTS archives,
Jerusalem), Schiff to C. Adler 15 Jan. 1918; Central Zionist Archives,
A406/229, S. Wise to J. Mack, 6 Dec. 1917, J. de Haas to J. Mack, 8 Dec. 1917;
Barnard, Forging of an American Jew,p. 198; Friesel, “Schiff Becomes a Zion-
ist,” pp. 66–80, 87–92; Adler, Schiff,2:312–17.
118.Reel 1984, I. Friedlaender to Schiff, 6 Jan. 1918, H. Kallen to Schiff, 11 Jan.
1918; reel 1985, ZOA file, J. Mack–Schiff correspondence March-April 1918;
Central Zionist Archives, A405/230 and A405/193, letters of J. Mack to Schiff,
esp. January–February, April 1918.
119.For a few examples of Schiff’s numerous contributions, see reel 697, Schiff to
J. Mack, 4 Jan., 30 July, 26 Dec. 1918. Schiff was also consulted by Sir Herbert
Samuel, first British high commissioner for Palestine, reel 693, H. Samuel to
Schiff, 16 Aug. 1920. In addition to references listed below, material for this
296 Notes to Chapter 6