15.AJC archives, “Minutes of the Executive Committee,” 24 Sept. 1918; reel
1985, A. Sack to Schiff, 12, 14 Sept. 1918, Schiff to A. Sack, 2 Dec. 1918;
Adler, Schiff, 2:257–59.
16.Cohen, Not Free to Desist, pp. 124–25; Leo P. Ribuffo, The Old Christian Right
(Philadelphia, 1983), p. 9; NYT,15, 17 Feb. 1919.
17.AJC archives, “Minutes of the Executive Committee,” 10 Oct. 1920; Ribuffo,
Old Christian Right, pp. 9–13; John Higham, Strangers in the Land (New York,
1973), pp. 277–86; Leonard Dinnerstein, Antisemitism in America (New York,
1994), pp. 78–83; Schiff papers (AJC archives), Schiff to L. Marshall, 9 June
1920; Cohen, Not Free to Desist, pp. 129–36.
18.Dearborn Independent, The International Jew, 4 vols. (Dearborn, Mich., 1921–22),
esp. 2:34, 44–47; 3:198–216, 249–56, chap. 60; vol. 4: chap. 77. One account
of Ford reveals how the Dearborn Independent employed detectives to keep
Schiff and the people he saw socially under surveillance. Albert Lee, Henry
Ford and the Jews (New York, 1980), pp. 23–24.
19.Denis Fahey, The Mystical Body of Christ in the Modern World (Waterford, Ire-
land, 1935), pp. 89–93, 170–71; Comte de Saint-Aulaire, Geneva versus Peace
(New York, 1937), pp. 90–93; Key to the Mystery (Montreal, 1937), pp. 7–11;
Pat Robertson, The New World Order (Dallas, Tex., 1991), pp. 65, 73, 123, 178;
Ribuffo, Old Christian Right, pp. 59, 113.
20.Adler, Schiff, 2:357–61.
21.Unless otherwise noted, all material for this and the next five paragraphs
comes from scrapbooks entitled “Press Tributes to Jacob Henry Schiff” (JTS
archives).
22.AH, 8–22 Oct. 1920; Adler, Schiff, 2:362.
23.Reel 22, M. Kohler to M. Schiff, 14 Oct. 1925; reel 23 (JTS archives), speech
by William Goldman, 3 Jan. 1920.
24.Gerson D. Cohen, “Jewish Identity and Jewish Collective Will in America,”
paper presented at the General Assembly of Jewish Federations and Welfare
Funds, Nov. 10, 1973, p. 9.
25.On the 1920s, see Henry L. Feingold, A Time for Searching, vol. 4 of The Jewish
People in America, 5 vols. (Baltimore, 1992); Melvin I. Urofsky, “American Jew-
ish Leadership,” American Jewish History 70 (June 1981): 401–17; Morris D.
Waldman, Nor by Power (New York, 1953), chap. 30; Jonathan S. Woocher,
“The Democratization of the American Jewish Polity,” in Authority, Power and
Leadership in the Jewish Polity, ed. Daniel J. Elazar (Lanham, Md., 1991), pp.
169–70.
26.See references to Feingold and Waldman in n. 25.
27.A term for the 1920s used by E. Digby Baltzell, The Protestant Establishment
(New York, 1966), chap. 9.
28.Reel 1985, L. Marshall to Schiff, 24 Apr., 18 Sept. 1920; Cyrus Adler, I Have
Considered the Days (Philadelphia, 1945), pp. 328–29.
Notes to Chapter 7 299