ICA. SeeJewish Colonization Association
Immigrant distribution, 119–23; Euro-
pean Jews supporting, 127; Indus-
trial Removal Office, 62, 121–22,
159, 164; as safety valve for unre-
stricted immigration, 155. See also
Galveston plan
Immigration: bills of 1915 and 1917,
205; Castle Garden, 49, 84; Dilling-
ham bill, 157; Ellis Island, 84, 121;
Italian immigrants, 121, 272n.80; se-
lected immigration, 154. See alsoIm-
migration restriction; Jewish immi-
gration; Unrestricted immigration
Immigration Commission, 157
Immigration restriction: American Jews
opposing, 154; the Galveston plan
for disarming, 160; German Ameri-
can Jews as opposing, 108; ghetto
problem and, 84–85; literacy test,
154, 156–59; LPC law, 120, 165,
166; rising sentiment for, 120; Schiff
on, 154–55, 238; after World War I,
249, 250. See alsoUnrestricted immi-
gration
Immigration Restriction League, 122,
154
Industrial Removal Office (IRO), 62,
121–22, 159, 164
Insurance scandals, 25–28
Intermarriage, 50, 72
International Jewish League, 110
IRO (Industrial Removal Office), 62,
121–22, 159, 164
Isaacs, Myer S., 88, 127, 252n.14
Isaacs, Samuel M., 41
Ishii, Kikujiro, 35
Israelitische Religionsgesellschaft
(IRG), 2, 101
Italian immigrants, 121, 272n.80
ITO. SeeJewish Territorial Organization
Jacob H. Schiff: His Life and Letters
(Adler), xiii
Japan, 33–38; anti-Semitism in, 34;
Russo-Japanese entente on Manchu-
ria, 38; Russo-Japanese war of 1904–
5, 33–34, 134–37; Sino-Japanese
war of 1894–95, 33; Takahashi, 34,
35, 37, 38, 136; in World War I, 191
Jastrow, Morris, 193
JDC (Joint Distribution Committee),
211, 213, 232, 250
Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid
Society, 118
Jewish Chautauqua Society, 54, 80, 122,
179
Jewish Colonization Association (ICA):
and Baron de Hirsch Fund, 87, 88;
and the Galveston plan, 16, 165; and
Mesopotamian settlement plan, 172,
173; purpose of, 86, 169; rivalry with
Jewish Territorial Organization, 165
Jewish crime, 84, 95, 108, 112, 156
Jewish Encyclopedia, 80
Jewish Immigrants’ Information Bu-
reau, 164
Jewish immigration: in 1920s, 249;
Schiff on wartime, 291n.61. See also
Eastern European Jewish immi-
grants; German American Jews; Im-
migrant distribution
Jewish League of American Patriots,
202
Jewish National Radical School, 97
Jewish Publication Society (JPS), 80,
220
Jewish Self-Defense Association, 109,
110, 141
Jewish separatism: Herzl on anti-
Semitism mandating, 236; Schiff’s
opposition to, 50, 203, 219, 221
Jewish Teachers’ College Fund,
271n.58
Jewish Territorial Organization (ITO):
and the Galveston plan, 163; in
Mesopotamian settlement plan, 173;
rivalry with Jewish Colonization As-
sociation, 165; Russia closing sta-
tions of, 166; Schiff as opposed to,
169, 173; Zangwill founding, 162
Jewish Theological Seminary (JTS),
96–106; Americanization as focus
of, 96, 97, 98, 99, 102, 104; critics of,308 Index