THERMODYNAMICS AND STATISTICAL PHYSICS 94.11 Liquid-Solid-Liquid (Moscow Phys-Tech)
A smallamount of water ofmass in acontainer attemperature
K is placed inside avacuum chamber which isevacuated rapidly.
As a result, part of the water freezes andbecomes ice andthe restbecomes
vapor.What amount ofwaterinitially transforms intoice? Thelatent heat
of fusion (ice/water) and the latent heat of vaporization
(water/vapor)
A piece ofheated metalalloy of mass g andoriginal volume
is placedinside thecalorimeter togetherwith the ice
obtained as a result of the experiment in(a). Thedensity ofmetal
at K is The thermalcapacity is
and the coefficient oflinearexpansion
How much ice willhave meltedwhen equilibrium isreached?4.12 Hydrogen Rocket (Moscow Phys-Tech)
The reaction chamber of a rocket engine is suppliedwith amassflow rate
mof hydrogen and sufficientoxygen to allowcompleteburning of the fuel.
The crosssection ofthe chamber isA,and the pressure at thecross section
isPwith temperatureT. Calculate theforce thatthischamber isable to
provide.4.13 Maxwell-Boltzmann Averages (MIT)
Write the properly normalized Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution
for findingparticles ofmass with magnitude ofvelocity in the
interval at a temperature
What isthe most likelyspeed attemperature
What is the average speed?
What is the average square speed?a)b)
c)
d)b)a)4.14 Slowly Leaking Box (Moscow Phys-Tech, Stony
Brook (a,b))
An ideal gas of atoms of number density at an absolute temperature is
confined to a thermallyisolated containerthat has asmallhole of areaAin
one of the walls (see Figure P.4.14). Assume a Maxwell velocity distribution