L
language seeforensic linguistics
leading questions 62
learning disabled adults, interviewing
66
legal language
European influences 112
reform, forensic linguistics 111–114
lie detection 78–84
lie detection seedetecting deception;
polygraphs
life imprisonment 146–148
linguistics seeforensic linguistics
linking crimes 5–6, 30–35
lying 53–55
by police 57
M
MAPPAs seeMulti-Agency Public
Protection Arrangements
Martin, Tony 122, 124
Megan’s Law 170–172
mens rea 112
Miranda rights 103
miscarriages of justice 120–121
MOGP (1992) 61–63
update (2002) 63
moral reasoning 165
Multi-Agency Public Protection
Arrangements (MAPPAs)
185–186
N
need principle, rehabilitation of
offenders 159–161
Neighbourhood Watch schemes 49
O
offender profiling 6–7, 17–29,
157–158
clinical profiling 23
consumer satisfaction surveys 29
evaluations in practice 28–29
FBI 24
geographical profiling 19–22
marauders vs commuters 21
personal characteristics 22–24
statistical profiling 23theoretical assumptions 24–29
cross-situational consistency 25,
26
empirical evidence 26–29
homology assumption 27–28
offender consistency hypothesis
25, 27
offenders
assessment 157–158
see alsooffender profiling
assessment/treatment 11–13
theories of offending behaviour 129
see alsopunishment; rehabilitation
of offenders; sex offenders
open questions 62
P
paedophiles 122
see alsosex offenders
pattern theory 20
Payne, Sarah 122
Sarah’s Law campaign 171
personal characteristics, offender
profiling 22–24
personnel selection, policing 43–44
policing 36–52
accuracy in detecting deception
70–72
ethnic/community issues 45–47
PCSOs 49
personality 45
personnel selection 43–44
persuasive/manipulative tactics
56–57
psychology of officers 9–10
role/responsibilities 36–37
sexual orientation 47
standards/public perceptions
38–40, 47–51
stress 10, 40–41
special situations 41–43
visibility 39
voluntary 50
see alsointerviewing
polygraphs
criminal investigations 80–82
field studies 82–83
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