in which the successive crises are reached. Note in particular
the intensity of the final climax, in measure 13, attained by a
repetition of the preceding phrase.
[Footnote 29: For Irish folk-songs the best collections are the one
by Villiers Stanford and aCycleby Arthur Whiting, prepared
in the same way as that just cited on Scottish melodies.]
[Music: EN PASSANT PAR LA LORRAINE AVEC MES SABOTS]
This charming song[30] from Lorraine exemplifies that rhythmic
vivacity and lightness of touch so characteristic of the French.
[Footnote 30: Taken from an excellent collection ofChansons
Populairesedited by Julien Tiersot.]
Observe the piquant effect, in the final phrase, produced by the
elision of a measure; there being in the whole song 31 measures
instead of the normal 32 (16 + 16).
[Music: Old Hungarian Folk-song]
Hungarian folk-music[31] is noted for its syncopated rhythm and
its peculiar metric groupings. It is also often highly embroidered
with chromatic notes; the Hungarian scale, withtwoaugmented
intervals, being an intensification of our minor mode,e.g.
[Music]
[Footnote 31: The best popular collection of Hungarian melodies
is that by Francis Korbay, the texts for which were translated
and arranged by the American novelist, J.S. of Dale. It is well
known what artistic use has been made of Hungarian melodies
and rhythms by Schubert, Liszt and Brahms.]
Russia is fortunate in her musical inheritance; for not only has
she a wealth of folk-songs, but her famous composers, Bal-
akireff, Borodin and Rimsky-Korsakoff—who are men of letters
as well—have published remarkable editions of these national
melodies. The Russian folk-songs express, in general, a mood
of sombreness or even depression—typical of the vast, bleak ex-
panses of that country, and of its downtrodden people. These
songs are usually in the minor mode—often with sudden changes
of rhythm—and based on the old ecclesiastical modes, the Rus-
sian liturgy being very ancient and having an historical connec-
tion with that of the Greek church. The folk-music of no nation