the diversity in human ability, intelligence and memory and ask why
theyarenot thesameinallhumans,wemust firstaskwhyplantsand
minerals do not have these superior faculties. Then we can see that
neitherofthesequestionscanbeproperlydiscussed,becausesuchques-
tions can only arise when rights are being trampled on. In this case,
neitherofthesetwoconditionsexistedpriortocreationsuchthatadis-
tinction between them should be seen as an injustice.
* * *AnotherpointtonoticeisthatGoddemandsfromeveryoneaccording
tohisabilityandresponsibility,andnooneisaskedtodomorethanhis
bodily and mental powers enable him. This is justice itself.
Forexample,ifaprincipalgivestheexaminationofthemostadvanced
classtooneofthelowerclasses,thisisanactofinjustice.However,ifhe
givestheeasyquestionstothelowerclassandthedifficultquestionsto
the advanced class, thenno one can complain that there hadbeen in-
justice. Instead, he would be regarded as just by any meaning of the
word.
Therefore,if all existentthings are regarded from the same pointof
viewandtheirresponsibilitieswereallthesame,thentomakeadistinc-
tionasregardstheircreationwouldbeanactofinjustice.Butweknow
thatresponsibilitiesareproportionaltotheindividual'scapabilities,and
thusthereisnoinjustice.Forexample,ifasmallscrewinamachinehas
todothe sameworkasthelargestcog,therewouldbe injustice;butif
eachpartmustworkaccordingtoitsdesignandpossibilities,thenthere
is no injustice.
Moreover,webelievethatGodisWiseandthatHedoesnotdoany-
thing for no reason or for no good purpose, and we believe that the
world has a special design so that no speck can come into existence
withoutreckoningordesign.If,insuchcases,somethingappearsuseless
orwithout a function,itis in factbecause ofthe limited nature of our
minds. Not knowing something does not mean that it does not exist.
Wecanconcludefromthisthatallthevariationsinthingshavesome
goodpurpose,andthattheyareallperfectlyusefulandnecessaryinthe