Microsoft Word - Environmental benefits of recycling 2010 update.doc

Paper & card ‐ n°5

Title Klimaregnskapavfallshåndtering^ for

Year 2009
Author Raandal

Case

Material composition

Sub‐scenario Landfill Incineration Recycling

Virgin material

Material marginal: which? ///

Electricity marginal: which? ///

Steam marginal: which? ///

Co‐products dealt with? ///

Recovered material

Material marginal: which? //Paper

Electricity marginal: which? Scandinavian mix Scandinavian mix /

Steam marginal: which? Norwegian mix Norwegian mix /

Co‐products dealt with? ///

Material recovery included? //Yes

Type of recycling //closed loop

Alternative use of land/wood included? ///

In which ratio does recycled material substitute virgin mate //0.81 or 0.85

General

Technology

Infrastructures taken into account? ///

Transport included? Yes Yes Yes

Energy production

Produced energy substitutes electricity? Yes Yes /

Produced energy substitutes heat? Yes Yes /

Avoided processes ‐ credits energy production energy production paper production

Material substitutes / / paper

Carbon sequestration issue taken into account? No No No

Waste characteristics

Heating value /15 MJ/kg /

Degradation rate (over  100  years) ///

Incineration

Alternative use of incineration capacity included? /No/

Efficiency ///

Composting

Compost spreading for composting taken into account? ///

Compost leaching after spreading taken into account? ///

Carbon storage taken into account? ///

Landfill / AD

Methane emissions included? Yes / /

Efficiency

25% methane recovery,

38% used for electricity

(35% conversion), 20%

heat (64% conversion)

and 42% flared

//

Carbon storage taken into account? ///

Material

recovery

Material

production

Material

disposal

5[PA]

Paper