NOTES 535
- Solow and Engerman, eds., British Capitalism, pp. 10-11.
- Most of the following material on Mexican sugar is drawn from Cardoso, Negro
Slavery in the Sugar Plantations.
CHAPTER 9- William Hunter, History of British India, I, 109, cited by Masselman, Cradle of
Colonialism, p. 218. Masselman writes: "There were many more examples of this kind,
all part of a deliberate policy of intimidation to gain control over India." On this prac
tice of cutting off nose and hands—because it was a deliberate practice—see chapter v
(above) on Spanish policy. - Cited by Boxer, The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, p. 297.
- Lang, Portuguese Brazil, p. 34.
- Cf. Boxer, Portuguese Seaborne Empire, p. 59.
- The words are from The Letter-Book of William Clarke, Merchant in Aleppo, cited
in Domenico Sella, "Crisis and Transformation in Venetian Trade," in Pullan, ed., Cri
sis and Change in the Venetian Economy, p. 97. - On all of this, see especially the works of K. N. Chaudhuri: The Trading World of
Asia and the English East India Company 1660-1760; Trade and Civilisation in the In
dian Ocean; and Asia Before Europe. - I take these verses from Boxer, The Dutch Seaborne Empire, p. 115. On the weak
ness of Portugal vs. the Dutch and English, see Meilink-Roelofsz, Asian Trade, pp.
116-35. - Boxer, Portuguese Seaborne Empire, p. 57.
- From Luis da Camoëns, TheLusiads(OsLusiadas, "The Lusitanians"). The great
epic poem was written over a period of many years and finally published in 1572. - Cited by Boxer, Portuguese Seaborne Empire, p. 147.
- The expression is from Father Antonio Vieira, S.J. (1608-1697), cited in Boxer,
Portuguese Seaborne Empire, p. 340. - Seed, Ceremonies of Possession, pp. 135-37 and n. 133.
- Boxer, Portuguese Seaborne Empire, p. 350.
- From Dom Luis da Cunha, cited in Boxer, Portuguese Seaborne Empire, p. 356.
The allusion is surely to the Methuen treaty of 1703, by which Portugal agreed to
admit British wool and woolens duty-free, while Britain would take Portuguese wines
(porto and madeira) at sharply reduced rates. - Ibid., pp. 340-42.
- Ibid., p. 350.
- Ibid., p. 344.
CHAPTER 10- From his Werken, III, 628-29, translated by Keene, The Japanese Discovery of Eu
rope, p. 3. Keene's book, litde known outside the field of Japanese studies, is a gem. - As given in Braudel, Civilisation matérielle, III: Le temps du monde, p. 149. This
quotation, from a report by a certain abbé Scaglia, has passed through several avatars
on its way to my page. - Israel, Dutch Primacy, p. 24.
- Cf. Peyrefitte, Du "miracle,"pp. 146-47.
- Cf. Israel, The Dutch Republic, pp. 183-84.
- Directors to Admiral Pieter Verhoef, 29 March 1608, cited in Masselman, Cradle
of Colonialism, pp. 257-58. The anticipated deadline for a territorial freeze was 1 Sep
tember 1609. On profit from rare spices, see Prakash, "Dutch East India Company,"
p. 189 andn. 6.