560 References
Barlow, D. H., Gorman, J. M., Shear,
M. K., & Woods, S. W. (2000).
Cognitive- behavioral therapy, imi-
pramine, or their combination for
panic disorder: A randomized con-
trolled trial. Journal of the Ameri-
can Medical Association, 283,
2529–2536.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986).
The moderatory– mediator variable
distinction in social psychologi-
cal research: Conceptual, strate-
gic, and statistical considerations.
Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 51, 1173 –1182.
Barsky, A. J., Cleary, P. D., Sarnie,
M. K., & Ruskin, J. N. (1994).
Panic disorder, palpitations, and
the awareness of cardiac activity.
Journal of Nervous and Mental
Disease, 182, 63–71.
Bebbington, P. E. (1998). Epidemiol-
ogy of obsessive– compulsive disor-
der. British Journal of Psychiatry,
173 (Suppl. 35), 2–6.
Beck, A. T. (1963). Thinking and
depression: 1. Idiosyncratic con-
tent and cognitive distortions.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 9,
324–333.
Beck, A. T. (1964). Thinking and
depression: 2. Theory and therapy.
Archives of General Psychiatry,
10 , 561–571.
Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression:
Causes and treatment. Philadel-
phia: University of Pennsylvania
Press.
Beck, A. T. (1970). Cognitive ther-
apy: Nature and relation to behav-
ior therapy. Behavior Therapy, 1,
184 –200.
Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy
of the emotional disorders. New
York: New American Library.
Beck, A. T. (1983). Cognitive therapy
of depression: New perspectives. In
P. J. Clayton & J. E. Barrett (Eds.),
Treatment of depression: Old con-
troversies and new approaches
(pp. 265–290). New York: Raven
Press.
Beck, A. T. (1985). Theoretical per-
spectives on clinical anxiety. In
A. H. Tuma & J. Maser (Eds.),
Anxiety and the anxiety disorders
(pp. 183–196). Hillsdale, NJ: Erl-
baum.
Beck, A. T. (1987). Cognitive
approaches to panic disorder: The-
ory and therapy. In S. Rachman
& J. Maser (Eds.), Panic: Psycho-
logical perspectives (pp. 91–109).
Hillsdale: NJ: Erlbaum.
Beck, A. T. (1988). Cognitive
approaches to panic: Theory and
therapy. In S. Rachman & J. Maser
(Eds.), Panic: Psychological per-
spectives (pp. 91–109). Hillsdale,
NJ: Erlbaum.
Beck, A. T. (1996). Beyond belief: A
theory of modes, personality, and
psychopathology. In P. M. Salk-
ovskis (Ed.), Frontiers of cogni-
tive therapy (pp. 1–25). New York:
Guilford Press.
Beck, A. T., Brown, G., Steer, R. A.,
Eidelson, J. I., & Riskind, J. H.
(1987). Differentiating anxiety
and depression: A test of the cogni-
tive content- specificity hypothesis.
Journal of Abnormal Psychology,
96 , 179–183.
Beck, A. T., & Clark, D. A. (1997).
An information processing model
of anxiety: Automatic and strategic
processes. Behaviour Research and
Therapy, 35, 49–58.
Beck, A. T., & Emery, G. (with
Greenberg, R. L.). (1985). Anxiety
disorders and phobias: A cogni-
tive perspective. New York: Basic
Books.
Beck, A. T., & Emery, G. (with
Greenberg, R. L.). (2005). Anxiety
disorders and phobias: A cognitive
perspective (rev. paperback ed.).
New York: Basic Books.
Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G.,
& Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory
for measuring clinical anxiety: Psy-
chometric properties. Journal of
Consulting and Clinical Psychol-
ogy, 56, 893–897.
Beck, A. T., & Greenberg, R. L.
(1988). Cognitive therapy of panic
disorder. In R. E. Hales & A. J.
Frances (Eds.), Review of psychia-
try (Vol. 7, pp. 571–583). Wash-
ington, DC: American Psychiatric
Press.
Beck, A. T., Laude, R., & Bohnert,
M. (1974). Ideational components
of anxiety neurosis. Archives of
General Psychiatry, 31, 319–325.
Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F.,
& Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive
therapy of depression. New York:
Guilford Press.
Beck, A. T., Sokol, L., Clark, D. A.,
Berchick, R., & Wright, F. (1992).
A crossover study of focused cog-
nitive therapy for panic disorder.
American Journal of Psychiatry,
149 , 778–783.
Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1990).
Manual for the Beck Anxiety
Inventory. San Antonio, TX: Psy-
chological Corporation.
Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1993).Manual for the Beck Depression
Inventory. San Antonio, TX: Psy-
chological Corporation.
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown,
G. K. (1996). Manual for Beck
Depression Inventory (2nd ed.).
San Antonio, TX: Harcourt
Assessment.
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Garbin,
M. G. (1988). Psychometric prop-
erties of the Beck Depression
Inventory: Twenty-five years of
evaluation. Clinical Psychology
Review, 8, 77–100.
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., Sanderson,
W. C., & Skeie, T. M. (1991). Panic
disorder and suicidal ideation and
behavior: Discrepant findings in
psychiatric outpatients. American
Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 1195–
1199.
Beck, A. T., Ward, C. H., Mendel-
son, M., Mock, J., & Erbaugh, J.
(1961). An inventory for measuring
depression. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 4, 561–571.
Beck, A. T., Wenzel, A., Riskind, J.,
Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (2006).
Specificity of hopelessness about
resolving life problems: Another
test of the cognitive model of
depression. Unpublished manu-
script, University of Pennsylvania
Medical Center, Philadelphia.
Beck, J. G., Coffey, S. F., Palyo, S.
A., Gudmundsdottir, B., Miller, L.
M., & Colder, C. R. (2004). Psy-
chometric properties of the Post-
traumatic Cognitions Inventory
(PTCI): A replication with motor
vehicle accident survivors. Psycho-
logical Assessment, 16, 289–298.
Beck, J. G., Freeman, J. B., Shipherd,
J. C., Hamblen, J. L., & Lackner,
J. M. (2001). Specificity of Stroop
interference in patients with pain
and PTSD. Journal of Abnormal
Psychology, 110, 536–543.
Beck, J. G., Ohtake, P. J., & Shipherd,
J. C. (1999). Exaggerated anxiety
is not unique to CO 2 in panic disor-
der: A comparison of hypercapnic
and hypoxic challenges. Journal
of Abnormal Psychology, 108,
473– 482.
Beck, J. G., Stanley, M. A., & Zebb,
B. J. (1996). Characteristics of gen-
eralized anxiety disorders in older
adults: A descriptive study. Behav-
iour Research and Therapy, 34,
225–234.
Beck, J. S. (1995). Cognitive therapy:
Basics and beyond. New York:
Guilford Press.
Beck, J. S. (2005). Cognitive therapy