618 Index
g
GAD; See Generalized anxiety disorder
Gandhi, Mahatma, 388
Gender
anxiety disorders and, 12
GAD and, 395–396
PTSD and, 503
social phobia and, 342
trauma prevalence and, 498
Generalized anxiety disorder; see also Worry
acceptance and commitment therapy for, 224–225
applied relaxation in treatment of, 265
automatic thoughts in, 80t
boundary issues in, 392
case illustration of, 388–389
catastrophic interpretations, desired outcome, and
alternative interpretation, 212t
challenging perceived vulnerability in, 188–189
cognitive assessment and case formulation for
case conceptualization in, 418–424, 418f
diagnostic and symptom measure in, 415–417
cognitive model of, 399–406, 400f
attentional threat bias and, 404
automatic processing phase of, 402–405
elaborative processing phase of, 405–406
empirical status of, 406–415
evocative phase of, 401–402
schemas characterizing, 402–404, 403t
threat interpretation bias and, 404–405
cognitive therapy of, 388–445
assessment and case formulation in, 415–424
cognitive restructuring in, 428–429
cognitive restructuring of metacognitive beliefs
in, 434
components of, 425t
constructive problem-solving training in, 436
description of, 424–438
diagnostic considerations in, 389–392
differentiating productive versus unproductive
worry in, 427–428, 427t
education phase of, 424–426
efficacy of, 438–440
elaborative process of present in, 436–437
forms for, 442–445
goals for, 425t
relaxation training in, 437–438
repeated worry expression in, 431–432
risk and uncertainty inoculation in, 435–436
safety cue processing in, 432–433
summary and conclusion, 440–441
worry induction and decatastrophizing in,
429– 431
comorbidity of, 397–398
with depression, 391–392
with PTSD, 505–506
cost-benefit analysis in treatment of, 206–207
course and impairment, 397
as diagnostic enigma, 390–392
DSM-IV core features of, 9
DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for, 389, 390t, 392
dysfunctional beliefs and, 118–119
emotional Stroop evaluation of, 59
epidemiology and clinical features, 395–399
fear imagery script in treatment of, 249–250
first apprehensive thoughts/images and, 141
focus of negative anxiety interpretation in, 76t
gender/ethnicity and, 395–396
genetic factors in, 18
hopelessness in, 79–80
imaginal reprocessing in treatment of, 221–222
implicit memory bias in, 70–71
metacognitive intervention for, 219
onset and age differences in, 396
personality and life events and, 398–399
prevalence of, 395
problem-solving ability and, 414–415
schemas in, 423–424
schematic activation in, 402–404, 403t
with social phobia, 344
threat focus in, 182
threat probability, severity, vulnerability, and safety
estimates in, 185t
as unsuccessful search for safety, 414
worry about worry in, 76–77
worry and, 93, 393–395
Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-IV,
415– 416
Genetic factors, 17–21
in social phobia, 345–346
in vulnerability to anxiety, 103, 122
Goals, personal
GAD and, 419–420
and worry in GAD, 410
Graded in vivo exposure, for panic disorder, 319–
320
Guilt, in PTSD, 497hHamilton Rating Scale of Anxiety, 132
Harvard-Brown Anxiety Research Program, 397
Hayes, Steven, 223
Heart palpitations, exaggerated faulty appraisal and
threat-oriented schema associated with,
145t
Helplessness, heightened, 36t, 37–38
Hippocampal system, fear response and, 20–21
Homework assignments, in vivo, 258; see also In vivo
exposures
Homework compliance, in cognitive interventions,
198–200
Homophones, auditory presentation of, for assessing
threat-biased interpretations, 86–87
Hopelessness, in depression versus GAD, 79–80
Hughes, Howard, 446
Hypersensitivity
interoceptive (see Interoceptive hypersensitivity)
stimulus, 7