I n d e x 621
cognitive restructuring in, 479–481
components of, 477t
description of, 476–484
distinguishing appraisals from obsessions in,
478– 479
education phase of, 476–478
efficacy of, 484–486
forms for, 488–490
response prevention in, 482
role of core beliefs and relapse prevention in,
484
summary and conclusion, 487
comorbidity with, 453–454
comorbidity with social phobia, 344
course and consequences of, 453
defensive inhibitory responses in, 47
definitions for, 448–449
diagnostic considerations in, 447–451
DSM-IV core features of, 9
DSM-IV criteria for, 449, 450t
emotional Stroop evaluation of, 59
epidemiological and clinical features, 451–455
first apprehensive thoughts/images and, 141
focus of negative anxiety interpretation in, 76t
gender differences in, 12
genetic factors in, 18
life events and, 452
low self-esteem and, 115
metacognitive intervention for, 219
negative interpretation of anxiety in, 77–78
personality correlates with, 452–453
prevalence of, 451–452
schematic organization of, 649f, 658–659
subtypes of, 450–451
themes in, 448
threat probability, severity, vulnerability, and safety
estimates in, 185t
treatment utilization and response in, 454–455
worry and, 93
Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, 471
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, 452
OCD; See Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Orienting mode
in normal versus abnormal anxiety, 52t
of situation/stimulus, 44
Öst, Lars-Göran, 264–265
p
Padua Inventory, 471–472
Padua Inventory-Washington State University
Revision, 472
Panic
anxiety versus, 279
social phobia and, 336
Panic attacks
acute physiological arousal in, 278
agoraphoria associated with, 276–277
versus anxiety, 279
apprehension of, 279
catastrophic interpretations in, 278–279
critical features of, 277t
DSM-IV-TR definition of, 277
DSM-IV-TR types of, 280–281
hypervigilance of bodily sensations in, 278
limited-symptom, 280t, 282
nature of, 276–280
nocturnal, 280t, 281–282
nonclinical, 280t, 282
perceived lack of control in, 279
perceived outcome of, 312–313
safety seeking and avoidance in, 279
situational triggers of, 277–278, 277t
spontaneous, 280–281, 280t
varieties of, 280–282, 280t
Panic Belief Questionnaire, 298
Panic disorder
agoraphobic avoidance and, 283
automatic safety seeking and, 85
automatic thoughts in, 79, 80t
behavioral escape/avoidance and, 83–84
bodily sensation exposure in treatment of, 250–
251
case illustrations of, 275–276
catastrophic misinterpretation in, 292–293, 295t,
300–303
cognitive assessment and case formulation in,
306 –313
case conceptualization, 308–313
diagnosis and symptom measures for, 306–308,
308t
key elements of, 308t
cognitive restructuring in, 200
cognitive theory of, 289, 290f, 291–295
core hypotheses of, 295–306, 295t
empirical status of, 295–306
cognitive therapy for, 275–331
breathing retraining in, 322–323, 324t
client education in, 314–315
cognitive restructuring in, 317–318
description of, 313–324
diagnostic considerations and clinical features,
276–288
efficacy of, 325–327
empirical hypothesis-testing experiments in,
318–319
graded in vivo exposure in, 319–320
key components of, 314t
relapse prevention in, 321–322
schema activation and symptom induction in,
315–316, 317t
summary and conclusion, 328
Symptom Reappraisal Form for, 330
symptom tolerance and safety reinterpretation in,
320 –321
Vicious Cycle of Panic analysis in, 331
Weekly Panic and Acute Anxiety Log for, 329