Statewise : Then 91.96% of irrigated area in Jammu and Kashmir, 70.19% in Chhattisgarh,
45.30% in Haryana and 35.79% in Andhra Pradesh is irrigated by canals.
Some Major Canals:
Sarhind Canal : it has been taken out from the Satluj. It irrigates the areas of Punjab and
Haryana.
Indira Gandhi Canal : it is the logest canal in the world. It has been taken out from the
Harike Barrage which is at the confluence of the Satluj and the Beas. This canal irrigates
the districts of Ganganagar, Bikaner, Jodhpur and Jaisalmer in Rajasthan.
Anicut Canal : this canal has been taken out from theKaveri is the lodest canal of India.
Problems caused by canal irrigation :
- Materials like salt and sand which are mixed with canal – water make irrigated areas
infertile. - Excessive canal water increases the level of underground water which affects the
growth of crops inversely. For example, the Terai region of Uttar Pradesh. - Crops get more than enough water which is wastage of water.
- Water is not supplied timely according to the demand of the farmers and need of the
crops due to the lack of proper management. - Problems of waterlogging and epidemic (malaria, dengue etc.).