Wheat:
- It is a crop of temperate climate. Generally 10^0 – 150 C temperature and an annual
rainfall of 50-75 cm are needed for it. If there is a rainfall of 12.5 cm in winter, it is
very useful for this crop. - Wheat is the second major crop of India after rice. India produces 12% wheat of the
world. - Wheat is cultivated on 14% of the total arable land of the country.
- In north India, wheat is sown in October-November and harvested in March – April.
- In south India, it is sown in September – October and harvested in December –
January. Wheat takes lesser time in ripening in south India than that in north India
because of hot climate. - Major wheat producing states (in descending order) are – Uttar
Pradesh>Punjab>Haryana>Madhya Pradesh > Rajasthan > Bihar. - On the basis of productivity (per hectare production), Punjab and Haryana are leading
states. Here, wheat productivity (yield level) is more than 4000 kg/hectare.