Handbook of Psychology, Volume 4: Experimental Psychology

Subject Index 709

Positive reinforcement, 378
Positron-emission tomography (PET), 144, 340, 550
action selection and, 298, 299
consciousness and, 5
procedural memory and, 506
Post-display probe technique, 278
Post-stimulus-time (PST) histograms, 129
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 490
Potentiation, 365
retrospective revaluation and, 369
Power law of practice, 500
Pragmatic reasoning theory, 626–628
problem solving and, 637
social contract theory vs., 632
Prägnanz, principle of, 188
Preattentive process, 185
Precategorical acoustic storage (PAS), 426–427
Precedence, global, 191–192
Predictability, word identification and, 564
Prefer argument, 533
Preferred viewing location, 567
Presbycusis, 131
Preview benefit, 562
Primal sketch, 185
Priming, 166–167, 247
affective, 63, 67, 69
in discourse, 588
effect, 539, 553
repetition benefits and, 302
form, 245
forward and backward, 459–460
negative, 11–12
action selection and, 306–307
paradigm, 196–197, 486
procedural memory and, 505
repetition, 447, 453, 461–467
conceptual, 466
perceptual, 466
semantic, 447, 453–461, 553
subliminal, 11–12, 460
Principled task decomposition, 514
Prism adaptation, 342–343, 345
Probability density function, 112
Probability heuristic model (PH model), 634–635
Probit model, 108
Problem solving. SeeReasoning
Procedural learning, 476
Process dissociation, 465
Processing effort, 636
Processing models, 567
Productivity, 415
Prone extension, 52
Proprioception, 328
feedback information and, 333, 334
target information and, 329–331, 331–332
visuo-motor transformations and, 342–343
Prosodification, 245, 246
Prosody, 528
language comprehension and, 536
Prosopagnosia, 199
Prosthesis, cochlear, 143
Proto-self, 24
Proximity, 181
models, 454
Psychological refractory period (PRP), 308–309
Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 651

Psychology, experimental. SeeExperimental psychology

Psychophysical isomorphism, 110

Psychophysical tuning curves, 132

forward masking and, 133

Psychophysics, development of, 5

Punishment, 378

QWERTY keyboard, 658

Radial-tangential effect, 159–160

Ramachandran, V. S., 19

Rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP), 278

attentional blink and, 287

repetition blindness and, 287

Rate-expectancy theory (RET), 375, 376

Ratio strain, 378

Rationalism, 358

Rats:

animal cognition and,

imitation, 409

interval timing, 410

memory, 410, 411

numerical abilities, 407

serial learning, 405

spatial learning, 412, 414

fear motivation and, 42, 43, 44–45, 46

feeding response, 40–41, 42

instrumental conditioning and

behavior regulation, 387

behavioral economics, 387

reinforcement delay, 385

Pavlovian conditioning and, 359, 361

temperature motivation, 52, 53

Reaching, 220, 221

Reaction times (RTs), 274

action selection and, 293, 294

application of, 311

Hick-Hyman law and, 298–299

modeling, 295–297

psychological measures of, 297–298

psychological refractory period and, 308–309

repetition benefit, 303

speed-accuracy trade-off, 297

stimulus-response compatibility and, 299–301

stop signals and, 309

warning effects and, 303–304

feature integration theory and, 284

Reading:

eye movements, 557–563

models of, 566–568

overview, 549–569

sound coding in, 554–557

word identification, 550–554

in context, 563–566

See also Comprehension, text

Reading-span test, 576–577

Real-time models, 374

Reasoning:

expertise in, 642–644

overview, 623–624, 644–645

problem solving, 623, 637–639

theories of, 639–642

theories, 624–637

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), 97, 98, 100, 101, 102,

105

Reception paradigm, 639–640