cause the teachers’ carelessness.
- Learnersshouldnot exaggerateinstudying lest theirpowersanden-
ergywillbeexhaustingandthementalmaturitybeimpeded.Itisessen-
tialforlearnerstohavesufficient timeforrestandphysicalrelaxation.
Menshouldregardtherights oftheirbodies.Al-Ghezali said,“Itises-
sentialtogive thepupils sufficient timeforacceptableamusement and
relaxationafterthefatigueofteaching.Preventingthepupilsfromenter-
tainmentafterthe exhaustingteachingwilldeadentheirheartsstupefy
theirminds. Thiswill alsocause alifedisturbance andoblige themto
look for trickeries for the sake of getting rid of such a disturbance.” - Learnersshouldnotaskrigorquestionsotherwisetheyloseprosperity
owing to disrespecting the knowledge and dishonoring the teachers
whose approval should precede everything else. - Learnersshouldrespecttheirteacherswhoshouldenjoyrightsthatare
preferabletothe fathers.Ashafiisaid,“Iusedtoreverence myteacher,
Malik,tothedegreethatIskimmedoverthebookssoslightlysothathe
will not hear the sounds of the papers.” Learners should also esteem
theirteachersintheirpresenceorabsence,usevariousstylesofhonoring
and veneration, neglect using their names, and stand their flaws and
roughness. Ashafii reported, “People informed Sufianbin Uyeina that
somepeople,whohadcomefromdistantdistricts,wouldleavehimbe-
causeofhisharshness.”Hesaid,“Theyaresurelyignorantiftheyleave
theiradvantagesbecauseofmyillmanners.”Learnersshouldalsobein
theclassbeforetheirteachers,sitinfrontofthem,notleantoawallora
pad,andnot turnthe backbeforethem.Alltheseaffairscontradictthe
teachers’rights.Theyshouldalsolistenheedfullytotheir teachersand
savethemagainstrepeating the teachingmaterials.Moreover, learners
should avoid yawning, eructing, laughing, mocking,or practicing any
deed that dishonors the teachers.- Learnersshouldnotcombinetwosubjectsofstudyatthesametime,
lest their minds will be exceedingly disturbed. Ibn Khuldoun says,
“Learnersmustnotmixtwomattersofknowledgeatthesametime,lest
theywill betoodeficientto obtainany ofthemsince thiscausesmind
confusion and leaning to one on the account of the other.” - Learnersshouldnotassociatewithotherthanthehard-workingstu-
dentssothattheyreceivethegoodbehaviors.Itissaidthatthesociallife
isinfluentialandbeinginfluenced.Eachindividualgivesandtakesfrom
thesurroundings.Lazyandslenderindividualswillsurelyconveytheir
qualities to their associates.
- Learnersshouldnotcombinetwosubjectsofstudyatthesametime,