Islam: A Challenge to Religion 349Standard, objective 126, 177,
238, 294; of self interest 96,
107, 121, 129, 140, 151; moral
227, 233, 236, 239, 247, 251,
284, 285, 298, 301, 304, 306;
of absolute right and wrong
State, Islamic 227; threat to self
13 , 62 , 104 , 219 , 248 ;
Communist 198, 199, 210;
Welfare 180, 198, 199, 204,
240; Christian ‘Godless’ 199,
213 , 224 , 249 , 294 , 324 ;
rational 225, 239, 246, 266;
modern, secular 224; purpose
of 239, 256, 260, 262, 264,
298, 305, 306, 314
Stoic, natural law theory 224,
226
Struggle, physical and moral
110, 160, 161, 198; class 43,
88, 101, 110, 203, 214, 273,
302; between rulers subject
225, 226, 233, 302, 312
Subjectivism, extreme 283
Superstition, 7, 12, 41, 118, 212
Surplus, 205, 208, 317; for
others
Survival, of self 199, 207; after
death 31, 36, 75, 76, 85, 86,
112; individual and collective
167 ; related to ‘will and
action’ 48, 52, 59, 105; of the
most munificient 2, 41, 49,
133, 180, 217; struggle for 12,
13, 282; principle of 71, 220,
225, 229, 231, 247, 249
Szczesny, Gerhard, on
Chrisianity 227, 230, 324
Teilhard de Chardin, 245, 246,
324
Telepathy, 121
Tenant, F.R., 324
Theocracy, 213
Theologians, 91, 244
Thinkers, 10, 11; mysticism
among 13; non-Muslims 7,
240, 241; empirical 56; Greek
30, 90, 133, 175, 301; Western
217, 221, 222, 223, 242, 245,
260; on democracy 110, 217;
of nineteenth century 202,
266; Pagan 256, 283
Thurstone, 55
Toynbee, A.J., 41, 217, 245, 246,
325; on democracy’s failure
218, 223, 225, 233, 312; on
world order 217, 245, 246
Townsend, W., 324
Truth, eternal 7, 49, 71, 74, 80,
87; disclosed of 76, 98; of
Qur’anic teaching 111, 210,
286, 324; test of 102, 122,
157, 172; about equality 301,
305, 306, 313, 320Uhud, battle of 299, 300
UNESCO, research on
democracy 217 , 228
questionnaire on human
rights 217
Universalism, 243
Universe, 289, 310; moral order
of 65, 133, 263, 264, 269, 272;
purposive 64, 92, 134, 266;
expanding 175; purpose in