moral uplift and social, cultural and political unification of
mankind. It will continue to make valuable contributions to the
knowledge and culture of mankind. Above all, it will continue to
enrich the “spiritual”(9) life of man and thus strengthen and elevate
his self or his personality.
References- When Iqbal uses the word “religion” with reference to Islam, it
should be understood as Deen. - M. Iqbal, Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam, p. 182. (Edition
1977) Published by Sh. Muhammad Ashraf, Lahore - Pakistan) - Ibid., P. 2.
- Ibid., P.2.
- Ernst Cassirer, An Essay on Man, p. 72
- Iqbal, op. cit., P. 187.
- Ibid., p. 179.
- Ibid., p. 189.
- The word “spirit” or “spiritual” has special significance in Christian
ideology and has not been used by the Qur’an anywhere in that
sense. The Qur’an speaks of man’s material and moral progress or
degeneration, and not “spiritual.” Even about Muhammad (PBUH) it
says, “And surely thou hast sublime morals” (68:4). The word
“spiritual” has been used in this book following its common usage
in the English language, i.e. as against purely physical, and should be
taken in that sense only wherever it occurs with reference to Islam or
the Muslims.
The Function of Deen 69