292 Index
Kerr, Malcolm, 222–3, 245
Khalid al-Shahrazuri, Mawlana, 131–2
Khalidiyya, 131–2, 144
khalifa (deputy of a Sufi master), 128, 129–30,
132, 144
Khalil Pasha, 126
Khalwatiyya, 130
Khan, Abdur Rahman, 108, 109–10
Khan, Hazrat Inayat, 144
Khan, Sayyid Ahmad, 46, 47, 176, 241,
242–4, 246, 265–8
Kharijites see Khawarij
khassa (elites), 26, 186
Khawarij, 248
Khilafat movement, 247
Khomeini, Ruhullah, 72–3
khul (female right to initiate divorce),
168–9
Krämer, Gudrun, 230
Kroeber, Alfred L., 40
Kugle, Scott, 171
al-Kurdi, Muhammad Amin, 134
Kurdistan, 131
Kuwait, 81
Knysh, Alexander, 133
Kyrgyzstan, 103
Laknawi, Muhammad Abd al-Hayy, 215,
217
Lane, Edward, 126
language, 12, 30, 110
law, 22, 24, 27, 65, 84, 196
Anglo-Muhammadan, 171
civil, 66, 174
common, 164, 214
divine, 20, 30
Islamic, 93, 158–75; see also sharia
Muslim, 158, 160, 162–6
Muhammadan, 159
natural, 67, 160, 171
Lerner, Daniel, 41, 42, 44
Leviathan, 27, 28, 189
Lewis, Bernard, 5, 14
Locke, John, 160
Luther, Martin, 27
Lyusi, Sidi Lahcen, 135, 136
al-Mamun, Caliph, 21, 207, 238
Macaulay, Lord, 163
Machiavelli, Niccolo, 28
MacIntyre, Alasdair, 7, 211
madhhab (school of law), 21, 172, 208, 274; see
also fi q h, Hanafi school of law, Hanbali
school of law, Maliki school of law
Mahdiyya, Sudanese, 61
Mahmood, Saba, 95
Majalla (mecelle), 66
Makdisi, George, 133
Mali, 141
Maliki school of law, 94, 168, 172, 194
maqasid al-sharia (the primary philosophy of
Islamic law), 168, 171, 172, 194, 239
marabout (miracle-working holy man) 135, 136,
137
Martin, Terry, 98
maslaha (public interest), 168, 172, 188, 191,
194, 196, 200, 222, 240, 247
Massell, Gregory J., 97
Masud, Muhammad Khalid, 200
Masyumi, 251
materialism see dahriyyin
Mawdudi, Abu-l Ala, 175, 218, 249, 252, 271
Mernissi, Fatima, 93
Metcalf, Barbara D., 273
Mevleviyye, 142, 145, 152n
Midhat Pasha, 67, 245
migration
rural-to-urban, 68, 72, 147
international, 81, 82, 103, 144, 176
Mill, John Stuart, 163
Minault, Gail, 170
miracles, 46, 136, 139, 242–3, 245, 246
Mir-Hosseini, Ziba, 93
Moaddel, Mansoor, 94
modernisation, 68, 91, 94, 112
theory, 6, 36, 41–5, 48, 215
indigenous 129
state-led, 93, 96–9, 107
modernism, Islamic, 45–9, 66, 237–56
end, 251–6
growth, 246–51
origins, 240–6
issues: science, 242–5; nationalism, 246–50;
self, subjectivism, rights, 251–5
modernity, 4–14, 36, 39, 111
and gender, 91–112
and Islam, 111–13
colonial, 188–90