294 Index
al-Qaida see Al-Qaida
Qajar, see Iran, 70
al-Qaradawi, Yusuf, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224,
226, 228, 229
Qasim Amin, 192, 196
Qatar, 220
al-Qubrusi, Shaykh Nazim, 144, 145
Qum, 72, 73
Quran, 13, 17, 19, 20, 21, 24
Qutb, Sayyid, 79, 175, 218, 252
Radtke, Bernd, 50, 133
Rahman, Fazlur, 132, 252–3
Rashid Rida see Rida, Rashid
Rastakhiz Party, 73
rationality, 41, 169, 194, 197, 269
Raymond, André, 63
Razi, Fakhr al-Din, 22, 239
Redfi eld, Robert, 145
reform, 265–8; see also islah, tajdid
religion, 5, 11–14, 15–18, 26–30, 36, 37, 38,
39, 42, 44, 45, 49, 58, 61, 103, 168, 199,
267, 268, 270, 275
axial, 270
materiality, 58–9
religiosity, 37, 39, 169
religious authority, see authority
Renan, Ernest, 192, 241
revolution, 63, 64
Cromwell’s ‘puritan revolution’, 27–8
‘cultural revolution’ in Soviet Central Asia,
96, 97, 98, 112
European revolutions of 1848–9, 186, 187
French Revolution, 64, 186, 188, 262
Iran’s Constitutional Revolution, 70, 71
Iran’s Islamic Revolution, 72, 73–4, 78, 92,
215, 255, 261
Protestant revolution, 138
Reza Shah (Pahlavi), 70–1, 73
Rida, Rashid, 171, 194, 195, 222–3, 245, 247,
250
Robinson, Francis, 215
Roman Law, 164
Rousseau, 262
Roy, Olivier, 100, 108, 278
Rumi, Mawlana Jalaluddin, 142, 143
Sadat, Anwar, 76, 277
Safwat, Ahmad, 170, 174
Said, Edward, 11, 41, 159, 162
saints, veneration of, 59, 125, 131, 134, 135,
136, 139–40, 142, 145, 146, 216, 237; see
also marabout
Sajjad, Abu-l-Mahasin Muhammad, 174–5
Salafi sm, 77, 78, 83, 125, 133–4, 136, 139,
221–4, 232n
jihadi Salafi sm, 83, 278–9
see also Wahhabism
Salvatore, Armando, 171
Samman, Shaykh Muhammad, 130–1
Sammaniyya, 130–1
al-Sanhuri, Abd al-Razzaq, 172
al-Sanusi, Muhammad Ali, 131, 191
Sanusiyya, 131, 132, 140
al-Sarakhsi, 208
Saudi Arabia, 75, 76, 77, 78, 81, 83, 84, 134,
218, 224, 277
Schacht, Joseph, 165
Schulze, Reinhard, 49–50, 151n
science, 239
Islam and science, 241–6
scripturalism, 135, 136, 137, 139, 148
secularisation, 12, 47, 67, 68, 69, 71, 78, 84,
135, 136, 138, 139
secularisation thesis, 135, 139, 215
secularism, 80, 84, 110, 174, 251, 253, 256
state secularism, Afghanistan, 110; Turkey,
80, 248
see also din, la-diniyya
self, 27, 126, 248, 249, 250, 261, 262, 264,
265, 271, 278
semah (the Mevlevi performance of music and
dance), 142
Senegal, 129–30, 141, 144
Shabistari, Muhammad Mujtahid, 255
Shafi , Mufti Muhammad, 219, 273–5
Shamil, Imam, 131
al-Shahrazuri, Mawlana Khalid, 131–2
sharia (Islamic law), 20–1, 24, 102, 109, 160,
161, 208, 222–3, 240, 247, 248, 270
codifi cation, 66, 168, 170, 229
courts, 84, 97, 110
and democracy, 247–55
and family law, 94, 252
incorporation into colonial legislation, 84,
94, 159, 160, 166–8, 170–4
as a moral vision, 161, 168, 173–4, 175
popular calls for, 60