Building Materials, Third Edition

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1. (a) What are the ingredients of Portland cement? State the function and limits of each of
   them.
   (b) What tests would you specify to ensure if the cement supplied at the site is of good
   quality?


2. Describe with flow diagrams the dry and wet process of manufacture of cement.


3. (a) Describe the setting and hardening of cement.
   (b) Describe how the compounds of clinker affect the properties of cement.


4. (a) When will you recommend high alumina cement in preference to low heat cement?
   (b) Describe the properties of blast furnace slag cement and sulphate resisting cement.


5. What is rapid hardening cement? What is responsible for its high early strength? How does
   it differ from ordinary Portland cement?


6. (a) What are the initial and final setting times of cement? What is their importance?
   (b) What do you mean by normal consistency? What is its significance? How is it tested?


7. (a) What is the effect of grinding on cement? Describe the method of determining fineness
   by air permeability method?
   (b) How is the specific gravity of cement determined?


8. (a) What precautions should be taken while storing cement?
   (b) What is the purpose of adding gypsum while manufacturing cement?


9. (a) Differentiate between rapid hardening and slow setting cements.
   (b) What is the effect of mixing lime in cement?
   (c) Explain how cement gains strength.


10. Write short notes on
    (a) Hydration of cement (b) Clinkering
    (c) Grinding of cement (d) Use of gypsum in cement


11. Write short notes on
    (a) Compressive strength test of cement
    (b) Soundness test of cement
    (c) Split-cylinder test of cement


12. State the conditions under which you will recommend the following cements. Give also the
    reasons.
    (a) Puzzolana cement (b) Low heat Portland cement
    (c) High alumina cement (d) Rapid hardening cement
    (e) Quick setting cement


13. How is the cement classified? Describe the wet process of manufacturing cement.

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1. Pick out the incorrect statement
   (a) Cement is adhesive as well as cohesive material
   (b) Portland cement is of hydraulic type
   (c) For civil engineering works generally calcareous cements are used
   (d) Portland cement is an example of natural cement