Comparative and Veterinary
Pharmacogenomics
Carrie M. Mosher and Michael H. Court
Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................ 50
2 Drug Disposition ........................................................................... 51
2.1 Oxidative Enzymes .................................................................. 51
2.2 Conjugative Enzymes ................................................................ 59
2.3 Transporters .......................................................................... 62
2.4 Other ................................................................................. 65
3 Drug Effect ................................................................................ 66
3.1 Malignant Hyperthermia in Pigs, Dogs, Cats and Horses ............................ 66
3.2 Warfarin Resistance in Rats ......................................................... 69
4 Future Directions .......................................................................... 70
References ......................................................................................70
AbstractPharmacogenomics is the study of the impact of genetic variation on
drug effects, with the ultimate goal of achieving “personalised medicine”. Since the
completion of the Human Genome Project, great strides have been made towards
the goal of personalised dosing of drugs in people, as exemplified by the develop-
ment of gene-guided dosing of the anticoagulant drug, warfarin. Although the
pharmacogenomics of domestic animals is still at an early stage of development,
there is great potential for advances in the coming years as the direct result of
complete genome sequences currently being derived for many of the species of
significance to veterinary and comparative medicine. This sequence information is
being used to discover sequence variants in candidate genes associated with altered
drug response, as well as to develop whole genome high density single nucleotide
polymorphism arrays for genotype–phenotype linkage analysis. This review sum-
marises the current state of veterinary pharmacogenomics research, including drug
C.M. Mosher and M.H. Court (*)
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts University School of
Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
e-mail: [email protected]
F. Cunningham et al. (eds.),Comparative and Veterinary Pharmacology,
Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 199,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-10324-7_3,#Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010
49