Index 2055-phenyl-, ring synthesis 118
2-tri-isopropylsilyl-, from 2-Li- 112
2-trimethylstannyl-4-methyl-, in Stille reaction 25
Oxazolium ylides 113
Oxetane 3, 153
reaction with n-BuLi 153
ring synthesis 155
2 H-Oxete 3
Oxidative addition in palladium(0) catalysis 27
Oxindole
1-ethoxycarbonyl, reaction with trifl ic anhydride 91
3-ethyl-1-methyl-, ring synthesis 97
1-phenylsulfonyl-, conversion into 2-trifl oxy- 27
tautomerism 94
Oxiranes 3, 150
from halohydrins 155
2-phenyl-, reaction with PhLi 151
ring opening with nucleophiles 151
ring synthesis by epoxidation 156
OXONE®, to make dioxiranes 152,
to make oxaziridines 152
Paal–Knorr synthesis of furans 105
Paal–Knorr synthesis of pyrroles 83
Paints 181
Palladation, electrophilic 29–30
Palladium acetate 22
Palladium(0) catalysis, mechanism 27, 28
Palladium(II) precatalyst 22
Palladium-catalysed cross coupling, general 21
Papaver somniferum 165
Paraquat 183, 184
Parkinson’s disease 174
PBG, see Porphobilinogen
PDE5, see Phosphodiesterase enzyme
PDT, see Photodynamic therapy
Peanut oil 189
Peanuts, spoiled 192
Penicillins 153, 176, 177
Pentane-2,4-dione, in ring synthesis of a pyrimidine thione 59
Pentavalent intermediate from chlorotrialkylstannane and
organolithium 16
from trialkyl borate and organolithium 16
Pentazine 139
Pentazole 132
Pentosidine, mechanism of formation 190
Pepcid 170
PEPPSITM-IPr 23
Peptic ulcer 170
Peptide coupling using 1-acylbenzotriazoles 137
Peripheral system 169
Perkin condensation 191
Perkin, W. H. 180, 191
Pfi tzinger synthesis of quinolines 68, 69
phen, see 1,10-Phenanthroline
1,10-Phenanthroline 22, 34
Phenazine 180
Phenazinium salt 180
Phenobarbitone (Luminal) 174
Phenol, 3,4-dimethyl-, from 2,4,6-trimethylpyrylium 72
Phenylglyoxal bisoxime, in ring synthesis of
1,2,5-oxadiazoles 139
Phenylhydrazine, in ring synthesis of pyrazolones
119, 120
of indoles 94, 95
PhIP 189
Phosgene, synthetic equivalent 108
Phosphodiesterase enzymes 123, 175
Phosphoric trichloride 12
Photodynamic therapy 179
2-Phthalazinone, reaction with POCl 3 60
ring synthesis 60
Phthalazine 48
numbering 2
Phthaldehydic acid, see 2-Formylbenzoic acid
Phthalocyanines 181
Physostigma venenosum 165
Physostigmine (Antilirium) 165, 172
Picloram 183
2-Picoline, see Pyridine, 2-methyl-
3-Picoline, see Pyridine, 3-methyl-
4-Picoline, see Pyridine, 4-methyl-
Picolinic acid, decarboxylation 41
Pigments of Life 82
Pigments 181
Pilocarpine 171
Pinacol borane, cross-coupling to introduce boronate 24
Pineal gland 158
Pioglitazone (Actos) 168
Piperazine 60
Piperidines 3, 150
basicity 10, 153
conformation 153, 154
dipole moment 5
from pyridines 39
Pirenzepine (Gastrozepin) 171
Pirimicarb 183
Piriton 170
pKa, defi nition 9
pKaH, defi nition 9
Plavix 167
PlexicoreTM 193
PLP, see Pyridoxal phosphate
Poly(pyrrole) 193
Poly(thiophene) 193
Polybenzimidazole 181
Polybenzoxazoles 182
Pomerantz–Fritsch synthesis of isoquinolines 69
Popcorn aroma 186
Porphobilinogen 162
Porphyrin biosynthesis 163
Pralidoxime, mechanism of action 172
Pramipexole (Mirapex) 174
Prazosin (Minipress) 173
Prefi x ‘Aza’, in nomenclature 1
Primordial soup 131
Proglycem 173
Proguanil (Malarone) 175, 176
Proline 159
4-hydroxy- 159
Proloprim 176
Promethazine (Sominex) 170
Prostoglandin synthesis 174
Protein hydrolysis, chymotrypsin catalysis 159