20 Rappaport, Shopping for Pleasure, pp. 167 – 8.
21 Miller, The Bon Marché, p. 154.
22 See http:/www.pdxhistory.com/html/marshall_fields.html (accessed 2 June 2007 ).
23 See F. W. Taylor, Principles of Scientific Management(New York, 2005 [ 1911 ]).
24 Giedion, Mechanisation Takes Command, p. 98.
25 Ibid., p. 99.
26 D. Hounshell, From the American System to Mass Production 1800 – 1932 : The Develop ment
of Manufacturing Technology in the us(Baltimore, mdand London, 1982 ), p. 70.
27 A. Forty, Objects of Desire: Design and Society 1750 – 1980 (London, 1986 ), p. 120.
28 See A. Delgado, The Enormous File: A Social History of the Office (London, 1979 ),
pp. 24 – 5.
29 Ibid., p. 41.
30 Quoted in Q. Colville, ‘The Role of the Interior in Constructing Notions of Class
and Status: A case-study of Britannia Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, 1905 – 1939 ’, in
S. McKellar and Penny Sparke, eds, Interior Design and Identity(Manchester, 2004 ), p. 115.
31 S. Darling, Chicago Furniture: Art, Craft and Industry, 1833 – 1983 (New York and London, 1984 ),
p. 132.
32 It should be remembered, of course, that women did not only visit the above interiors. By the
late nineteenth century they also worked in them and the entry of women into the workplace
was one of the most dramatic ways in which they entered into modernity. Working women
entered a whole range of workspaces at this time, among them shops, offices, factories, sweat
shops, restaurants, offices, telephone exchange, schools and commercial laundries.Chapter Seven: The Rational Interior1 Walter Benjamin, The Arcades Project, trans. H. Eiland and K. McLaughlin (Cambridge, ma
and London, 2004 ), p. 9.
2 See P. Collins, Changing Ideals in Modern Architecture 1750 – 1950 (London, 1965 ).
3 G. Matthews, ‘Just a Housewife’: The Rise and Fall of Domesticity in America (New York and
Oxford, 1987 ), p. 98.
4 Ibid., p. 145 , and D. Hayden, The Grand Domestic Revolution: A History of Feminist Design
for American Homes, Neighborhoods and Cities (Cambridge, maand London, 1981 ), p. 151.
5 S. Strasser, Never Done: A History of American Housework (New York, 1982 ), p. 186.
6 Ibid., p. 189.
7 Hayden, The Grand Domestic Revolution, p. 57.
8 Christine Fredrick, ‘The New Housekeeping’, in Ladies’ Home Journal (September–December
1912 ), p. 2.
9 G. Wright,Building the Dream: A Social History of Housing in America (Cambridge, maand
London, 1981 ), p. 129.
10 Strasser, Never Done, p. 217.
11 For a full account of Material Feminism see Hayden, The Grand Domestic Revolution.
12 See http:/womenshistory.about.com/od/quotes/a/c_p_gilman.htm (accessed 6 April 2007 ).
13 Strasser, Never Done, p. 219.
14 One model put forward was that of the apartment hotel. See Hayden, The Grand Domestic
Revolution, p. 194 and Wright, Building the Dream, p. 144 , for more details.
15 See S. R. Henderson, ‘A Revolution in the Woman’s Sphere: Grete Lihotzky and the Frankfurt
Kitchen’ in Architecture and Feminism, ed. D. Coleman, E. Danze, and C. Henderson (New
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