urbaf2

NITRATION WITH NITRATING MIXTURES 147

From diagrams it is possible to calculate the relative enthalpies of nitrating

mixtures and of the heats generated during the mixing of acids. The following

examples illustrate how to use the diagrams:

Example 1. To find the relative enthalpy of a mixture of acids:

HNO 3 30%

H 2 SO 4 20%

H 2 O 50%

FIG. 21. Enthalpy of nitric acid, sulphuric acid, and water mixtures (McKinley

and Brown [6]).