urbaf2

NITRO DERIVATIVES OF BENZENE 253

Similar compounds, for the most part coloured, are formed with aromatic

artlines as well as with some phenols and aromatic alcohols.

TABLE 43

MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS WITH SYM-TRINITROBENZENE

Second component

Naphthalene

Anthracene

Acenaphthene

Phenanthrene

Fluorene

Aniline

p- Naphthylamine

o- Phenylenediamine

m- Phenylenediamine

p- Phenylenediamine

Diphenylamine

m- Nitroaniiine

Carbazole

Hydroquinone

Resorcinol

Triphenylcarbinol

Molecular proportion†

1:1 151

1:1 165

1:1 161

1:1 125

3:2 105

1:1 125

1:1 161

1:1 163

1:1 168

1:1 145.5

2:1 100.3

1:1 97.5

1:1 203

1:1 131

2:1 103

3:2 134.5

m.p., °C

† The first figure is for trinitrobenzene.

sym-Trinitrobenzene forms also an addition compound with nitrobenzene,

the molecular proportion being 1:1. The product melts at 66.3°C (Hammick,

Andrews and Hampson [10]).

sym-Trinitrobenzene also forms an addition product with pyridine N-oxide

(Ross, Kelley and Labes [45]).

The addition products are generally unstable and can be dissociated simply

by dissolution in solvents, e.g. benzene. They decompose completely into their

components when treated with acids. For example, dilute acid causes quantita-

tive separation of the amine from the nitro compound.

The cause of the colour intensity of the addition products of trinitrobenzene,

as well as of other higher nitrated aromatic hydrocarbons with amines has already

been discussed (pp. 221-222).

EXPLOSIVE PROPERTIES OF SYM-TRINITROBENZENE

According to Kast [3a], the explosive characteristics of sym-trinitrobenzene

are exposed in the following figures:

density 1.63 g/cm^3

heat of explosion 1065 kcal/kg

volume of gases, V 0 670 I./kg

explosion temperature 3540°C

maximum rate of detonation 7000 m/sec

specific pressure, f 9665 m