- RESEARCH: Long-term outcomes -- benefits and liabilities from continuing magnetic field
treatment and comparative assessment with other treatments -- require further
investigation, as do the systematic tracking, reporting and quantification of adverse effects.
1
Barker, A.T., Jalinous, R., Freeston, I.L.. "Non-invasive Magnetic Stimulation of Human Motor Cortex," The
Lancet 1 (8437):1106–1107 (1985).
(^2) Melkerson, M.N., "Special Premarket 510(k) Notification for NeuroStar TMS Therapy System for Major Depressive
Disorder," FDA (2008)
(^3) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcranial_magnetic_stimulation
(^4) Gershon, A.A., Dannon, P.M., & Grunhaus, L., “Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of
Depression,” Am. J. Psychiatry 160:835–845 (2003).
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Gershon%2C%20A.A.%2C%20Dannon%2C%20P.M.%2C%20%26%20
Grunhaus%2C%20L.%2C%20%E2%80%9CTranscranial%20Magnetic%20Stimulation%20in%20the%20Treatment%2
0of%20Depression%2C%E2%80%9D%20Am.%20J.%20Psychiatry%20160%3A835%E2%80%93845%20(2003).
(^5) Id. at 835.
(^6) Id. at 842.
(^7) Id. at 839.
(^8) See http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/transcranial-magnetic-stimulation/MY00185
(^9) Rodriguez-Martin, J.L., Barbanoj, J.M., Pérez, V. & Sacristan, M., “Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the
Treatment of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 3. Art. No.:
CD003387. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003387 (2003), http://summaries.cochrane.org/CD003387/transcranial-
magnetic-stimulation-tms-for-the-treatment-of-obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd. The full text of the review is
available in The Cochrane Library (ISSN 1464-780X). Rodriguez-Martin, J.L., Barbanoj, J.M., Schlaepfer, T., Clos,
S.S.C., Pérez, V., Kulisevsky, J. & Gironelli, A., “Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) for Depression,” Published
Online: January 21, 2009. http://summaries.cochrane.org/CD003493/transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-tms-for-
depression. Full text:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD003493/abstract;jsessionid=08FE22AEC7C9631B21C0E02
E105916C9.d03t03.
(^10) http://summaries.cochrane.org/CD003493/transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-tms-for-depression., Plain
Language Summary
(^11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12076483 Accord: Slotema, C.W., Blom, J.D., Hoek, H.W. & Sommer,
I.E.C. (2010). "Should We Expand the Toolbox of Psychiatric Treatment Methods to Include Repetitive Transcranial
Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)?". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 71 (7):873-
- DOI:10.4088/JCP.08m04872gre.PMID 20361902. 34 studies comparing rTMS to sham treatment for the acute
treatment of depression showed an effect size of 0.55 (p<.001). This is comparable to commonly reported effect
sizes of pharmacotherapeutic strategies for treatment of depression in the range of 0.17-0.46. However, that same
meta-analysis found that rTMS was significantly worse than electroconvulsive therapy (effect size -0.47), although
side effects were significantly better with rTMS. An analysis of one of the studies included in the meta-analysis